b1 A Case Document Filed Page of Case Document Filed Page of ADD MORG AN FOREMAN November VIA EMAIL Ma ur ne Co rne A li so Moe ara era tz Andrew Rohrbach ni ed States Attorneys Office Sout rn Di strict New Yo rk St Andrew Pl aza New York NY Re United States hislaine Maxwell AJN Dear Co un se Haddon Morgan and Foreman Jeffrey Pagliuca Eas A venue Denver Colorado FX w.hmflaw.com JPag iuca hmflaw.com Defendant Ghislaine Maxwell th rough co un se ubmi the following umma1 pur uant to ed rim I EXPERT DISCLOSURE BY THE DEFENSE A Dr Elizabeth Loftus Dr oftus i Di ingui hed rofesso of syc ological Scie ce and Law at University of Ca liforni a Ir ine School aw Dr oftus i of the atio leading ex erts on sc ience of memo1y In addit i to her ex ri ce a an academic and clinical researcher he ha been an ex rt witness or cons ultan in hundr eds of cases exte i ve experience and edentia a re cited in her uni cul um i tae Exhi i A It i expected hat Dr oftus a syc olog i st specia li zes in he stu of o1y wi ll foc on aspects of hi case ase ed catio training exper i ce and re se arch her estimony wi ll co ce rn the work in gs of human o1y the ffe cts of ugge st ion on memo1y ec hani of re ation of false memorie he ha racter i st ics fal se emo ri es how fade a nd wea over ti and ow become vu ln era bl co amination wi ll de sc ri be sc ien ific research ow in at false or i es can be Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page descr-4 ib3 ed wi4 th confidence detail nd5 emotion ju3 st ik3 true mem-4 o5 ri-3 es This ca-3 occ3 ur when people-3 co4 me to believe in thes-2 exp3 e4 ri-3 enc3 es and are not-3 d5 eli-4 b5 era-3 tely lying6 Dr Loft-2 us would identif-3 so4 m3 of-2 the ug5 gest-3 iv3 activ3 it-3 ies tha3 occurr-2 ed in the cur-2 rent case.6 Suggest-2 ive a6 cti-4 v5 it-3 ies can expla-3 in ow7 it-3 is tha4 a person might-2 go fr-3 om ha-2 v5 ing no e4 m3 ory abusi-3 ve a3 cts-3 if-3 th3 memo4 ri-3 es are fal-4 s4 e4 She will-3 ex4 plai-4 the e4 chani-3 s4 by which alse and/or-4 dist-4 orted memories an b4 cr-3 ea3 ted a esult of-2 p5 ost even3 n5 forma3 ti-3 on an4 occur-3 renc6 es sugges-2 ti-3 on in3 fl-3 uenc3 or-2 t3 he li-4 ke She4 will-3 a4 lso e4 s4 ti-3 fy about the characte3 ri-3 s4 ti-3 cs o3 a4 lse-3 and/or-4 and emotion even w3 hen they are-2 false She will-3 poi3 nt out-3 so4 me of the ugge4 sti-4 ve activities that occur-3 red in this cas-2 Sh5 will-4 exp4 lain how media covera-3 g5 a3 nd othe-2 pub3 li-3 ca3 ti-3 ons n5 cludi-4 ng bu5 not imi4 ted to newspaper and maga-3 z4 in3 ar-3 ticl3 es n3 ews repor-4 ts tel-4 ev4 isi-4 on sh4 ows document-4 aries books podcas-3 ts websites etc and d4 isc-3 uss3 ions/-4 c4 onver-2 sations3 with ot-3 he4 rs-2 can be ources of sugges-2 ti-3 on She will-3 exp4 lai-4 how in a cas-3 li-3 ke th3 is one-3 sug4 gest-3 ion can lead indi-4 v5 idu3 als-3 to the const-3 ruction3 of di-3 stort3 ed me mo3 ri-3 es Park D3 iet-4 M.D M.P.H PH.D Dr Park Dietz a psyc-2 h5 iatri-3 s4 spe-3 c4 ializing in o5 rensic psyc-3 h5 iatry with ov6 er yea3 rs-2 of exper-3 ience He has been previously qualifi-3 ed a3 an expert psychi-3 a4 tr-3 a4 nd for-3 ens3 ic psychiatry Dr Dietz-3 re7 cei-3 ved a b3 ac3 helo rs deg4 ree in psyc-2 ho5 lo3 gy and biology fr-3 om th3 Cornel-3 Univer-2 sity College-3 of A5 rt-3 and Sciences M.D degree-3 fr-3 om th3 Johns-2 Hopkins Hopkins School-2 of Hygiene an Publi-2 Hea4 lt-3 nd a Ph.D in soci-2 ology from-2 the ohns Hopkins Univer-3 s4 it-3 He complet)-3 ed p4 sych3 iatri-3 res-3 id3 e4 ncy at-3 th3 Jo3 hns Hopkins Hospit-4 al and the Hospital of the Un)5 iver-4 s4 it-3 o5 Penns-2 ylvania her-2 he was Chie-2 Fell-3 ow i Fo6 ren-2 sic-3 Psy5 ch4 iatry He has been board certified in psychiatry b3 the Ame-3 ri6 can Board-2 of Psyc-2 hiatr3 and Neurol-3 ogy si-2 nc4 He is Clini6 cal-3 Professo4 of-3 Psychiat4 ry nd Biob5 ehavi-3 oral Sc5 ienc-3 es at h5 e4 UC4 LA3 School of edicine.3 From-2 to he w4 as a Prof-2 es3 sor-2 of Law a4 he Univer6 sit-4 of Virgi4 nia Sc-2 hool of Law and a Pr-2 ofe-2 sso3 of Behavi-3 oral Med3 ici-4 ne and Psychi-3 a4 try at the University of-2 Vi5 rgi-3 ni3 a School of-3 M4 edic-3 in3 Fro3 he was an Associ-4 ate6 Prof-2 essor of3 Law and of Behavior-3 a4 Medi-3 c4 ine n5 Ps ychia-3 try6 at he Univ4 ers-3 ity of Virginia-2 Schoo5 ls of Law and Medi-2 c4 ine From-2 to he w4 as an Assist-2 ant Pr-3 o5 fes-3 s4 or of-3 Psychiatr-2 a4 Har-2 v5 ard-2 Medical S3 chool those-3 positio3 ns he augh4 and le-3 c4 tur-3 ed4 on for-3 ens3 ic psychiatry for div-2 erse a4 udienc-3 es in3 cludi-4 law stude-3 nts pra4 cti-4 c4 ing attorneys aw en5 for-3 ce3 ment-4 o5 ff-3 icers psyc6 hiatry es3 idents orensic psychiatry fellows and pr-3 actici-3 ng forensi-2 p4 syc3 hiatri-3 s4 ts nd psychol-3 ogist5 He is Past-2 Pres-2 ident of the Ame-3 rica4 Academy of Psychiatry and the La3 a Dist-2 ingu ishe6 Life-3 Fel3 lo3 of the Ameri-2 c4 an Psych3 iatri-3 Assoc3 iation nd a Fell-3 ow of th3 Amer-2 ican A3 cadem-4 o5 For-2 ensi-3 Sc4 iences He ha4 ser-4 ved on th3 edi-3 to3 ri-3 a4 boar-2 ds of-2 th3 Bull-2 etin of he Ame3 rican Academy of Psychi-3 a4 tr-3 and the L3 aw the Jour-4 nal of-4 Fo6 rensic Sc3 iences Behavior-3 a4 Scienc-3 es an4 the Law the Journal-4 o5 Thr-2 ea3 Asse-2 ssm-3 en4 and Manageme5 nt and ot-4 he4 Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page prof-3 essional public-2 a4 ti-3 on5 He has u5 thor-3 ed mor-3 than rti4 cle-3 and boo3 chapt-3 e4 rs-2 p5 ri-3 m3 arily on for-3 ens3 ic psychiatry He has conduct-4 ed more than evalua-3 tio ns o4 pe-2 rs-2 ons ch4 arg-2 ed with c6 ri-3 m3 and his rol-3 as P3 res-3 id3 ent of-4 Park3 Dietz-3 As4 soci-3 a4 tes-3 Inc7 has valua6 ted or-4 supe3 rvised over-3 eval-3 ua4 ti-3 ons of llegation5 of-2 sexual v5 ictim-3 izat4 ion.3 He has estified as e4 xper-2 wi3 tness in for-3 ens3 ic ps-3 y5 chia-3 try on h6 un dre-2 ds of-2 o5 ccas-3 ions inc4 ludi-3 ng t3 esti4 mony c4 rimi-2 na4 a4 tt-3 e4 rs in fe-2 de4 ral cour-2 ts throughout the and the-2 t3 rial ourts of near-3 ly ever-3 y5 sta-3 te Dr Dietz-3 wi5 ll-3 be qua3 lified as an expert the areas of psychiatry and behavioral scienc4 u5 vit-3 ae is attac5 hed as Ex hi3 bit Attached as Ex hi3 bit is li-3 s4 of a4 terial-4 rev-2 iewed by3 Dr Dietz-3 His estimony may nc4 lu3 de but will not be limite4 to he fol-3 lo3 wing a nonfor-3 ce3 ful-3 nonthr-3 ea3 tening and non4 viol-3 en4 se-3 xu5 al vi-4 c4 timi-2 z4 ation of minors w3 as he proposit-2 ion combi-4 na4 ti-3 on5 of ki-3 ndn ess att-2 en4 ti-3 on m3 ate-3 rial entic4 eme-3 nt special privi-3 lege and coer-4 c4 io3 ar-2 soci-3 a4 sc-3 ient5 ist-4 c3 li-3 n5 icia4 ns ournalists and ot-3 h5 ers B3 ut his usage has o5 me uni-4 n5 tended conse-2 quences that-3 thr-3 e4 aten the n5 tegrity of the-3 ad4 ju3 dica-3 tive pro3 ces-2 including these int-3 en4 ti-3 ona4 ll-3 y5 usi-2 ng the-2 s4 str-4 a4 tegies gain exua3 acce-3 ss to childr-3 en to abuse them and4 to beyond an obj-3 ective descri-3 p5 ti-3 on of b3 ehavi-3 ors it i4 mput-3 es moti4 ve and nt3 en4 wit-3 hout adequat-4 evidence of either ppli-3 ed to such comm-3 on and desi-4 rabl5 behavi-3 ors-2 as3 being ki-4 nd or ttent3 ive or helpf-4 u5 or car-2 ing there considerable risk of-3 mi-3 sleading th3 ac3 ind3 e4 nto believi5 ng tha-2 thes-3 e4 latter-4 beh4 av4 ior-3 a3 re wel4 est-3 ab4 li-3 shed they are not Par-3 Di5 etz-3 Groom3 in3 and Seducti-4 on nterpersonal Violen5 ce Dr Rocchi)-3 cha3 racterizes-3 func-2 tion to render h5 victims vul-2 ne4 rable to abus3 to obs-3 cure6 the na-3 tu3 re o5 he abuse and car-3 ries the ri3 sk of-2 im-3 pu5 ting mot-2 iv3 a3 nd int-3 en4 t3 he Defenda-3 n5 when the-3 dete-3 rmina3 ti-3 o5 of ot3 ive n5 int-3 en4 a tas-3 for the fact finder ch6 arg-2 ed with determining t3 he cr-3 ed4 ibi-3 lit4 of wit-3 nesses5 the wei-3 ght of he ev3 idence and he ult-3 imat3 is-3 su4 es ore-2 ov5 th3 is opi-4 n5 io3 car-3 ries the ri3 sk of-2 im-3 p5 lying that-3 inno3 cuous nd e4 ven desi-4 rabl5 behavi-4 o5 rs-2 are-3 ass-2 o5 ciate3 with ne-2 fario3 us rim4 in3 al onduc4 Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Mor-2 eover-3 g5 room-3 ing has6 no consi-3 ste6 nt defini-3 tion6 and conc-2 erns have been rais-3 ed that5 Child S4 exual-3 Abuse5 Chil-2 Sexual Abuse In ny particular-2 popu5 lati3 on of llege4 victim-3 p4 ati-4 en4 ts or-4 p5 laint3 if-3 fs including ho5 se3 whom Dr Rocchio ha-2 treate-3 o5 valuated th3 dete-3 rmina3 ti-3 o5 of whet-2 her groomi-3 ng h5 as occur-3 red is a3 subj-2 ec ti-3 ve ju3 dgment-4 h5 in3 ging a4 rge-2 ly on the-2 credi4 bil-3 ity of the indivi-3 du5 als-3 Such judgm-3 en4 ts have no known error-4 rate and canno-2 b3 te-3 s4 ted ve-3 ri6 fi-3 ed or-2 repr5 oduced is ilent as to by Defendant-4 it is importan4 note tha4 ther-4 is no generally accepte-3 theory of gr-3 oom3 in3 by thi-3 rd par-2 ties or-2 e4 mpi-3 rica4 evidence-2 re-2 g5 arding the-2 p5 revalenc-2 cha3 rac-3 teri3 stics or ech3 anis ms of-4 such a4 phenome-3 no5 Ms Ma-3 x5 well no4 accused of-3 so4 li-3 c4 it-3 ing or en5 ti-3 c4 ing se-3 xua4 lized massag3 es or her-2 self ns4 tead the claim appears o5 be tha-3 Ms Maxwell-4 rec6 rui-3 ted and gr4 oomed mino3 rs-2 to provi-3 de se-2 x5 uali-4 z4 ed ma-3 s4 sages-3 for Mr E4 pste-3 in w5 hich would amount to groomi-2 ng by proxy Dr Dietz-3 is aw3 are-3 of no authorit-3 n5 jour-3 na4 art3 icl-4 e4 no st-3 u5 dies-3 no test4 not-2 hing to suppor-2 a th5 eor-2 of gr-3 oo5 mi-3 ng by proxy3 Such a theory has o5 gai-4 ned any4 acce-3 pt3 ance let alone-3 gener-3 a4 ac-3 ce3 ptanc-3 e4 th3 elevant community;-2 it-3 has not-3 been3 peer rev-2 ie wed it has no3 and cannot-3 be tested;-3 and there no kno4 wn or potentia-2 rat-4 o4 rror re deri-2 v5 ed rom the fr-3 equen3 observation of-2 h5 ighl-3 vulner5 able-3 ch4 il-3 dre7 among ho5 se childr-3 en who all-2 ege sexual abuse-2 but it-3 is not-4 bas3 ed on empiri-3 ca3 data-3 regard4 in3 the like-2 li6 hood of bu5 se am-4 ong ch4 il-3 dren with va-2 rying6 degr-2 ees-2 o5 vulner-4 ab4 ilit-2 y5 To the xt3 en ha4 e4 ss vulner-4 ab4 le children such as thos-2 with nt3 act-3 fami3 li-3 es atte4 nti-3 ve pa3 ren-2 ts good social support l3 ittle psychop4 athol-4 ogy less pri-3 or tr-3 au4 ma no substanc-3 us3 e4 and highe-3 res-3 ilien3 ce are le-3 ss li-3 ke4 ly to alle-2 ge abu3 se han the more-2 vulner-4 ab4 le the ge ner-2 a4 li-3 z4 ati-4 on cou4 ld be pr-2 oved weak or fals-3 if-3 only there4 were uch e3 mpi-3 rica4 data-3 And e6 ven if-4 ther-4 were uch d4 ata-3 i3 would be important to dev3 ise-3 a mea-3 ns of-2 v5 e4 ri-3 fying that abuse-2 did occur those-3 who all-2 ege it which is-2 a dif-3 ficul3 a4 sk4 at be-3 s4 bec-3 a4 se of-3 the pa6 ins many buse3 rs take to avoid confe-3 s4 sion w4 it-3 ness-2 es,3 or phys-2 ical evide-3 nce T4 he cl-3 in3 ical c3 ri-3 m3 inal-4 just-4 ice and for-3 ens3 ic populations fro5 whic-2 the observation3 of pr-3 eva3 lent vulne-2 rabil3 ities der-2 ived in3 cludi-4 ng those clients wh4 om Dr Rocchi-3 has tr-3 ea3 ted or-4 ev4 aluated rare4 ly3 re-2 pre-2 s4 ent groups-2 in w5 hich ll al3 legations-3 o5 abuse have b3 een verif-3 ied by conf-2 essio5 witne-2 sses-3 physi-2 ca3 evide-3 nce o3 other means on asse-3 rtion4 tha-3 are-3 un5 tes-3 table c3 an4 not be-2 re-2 p5 roduced and h5 ave no known err-4 or ra5 te Opi-2 nions About Hi-2 ndsi4 ght Bias Hindsi-2 ght bi6 as ust be c5 onsi-2 der-2 ed w6 hen eval-4 ua4 ting sex abuse all-3 eg4 ati-4 on5 and or-2 lve be-3 h5 avior-4 that-4 a4 in Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page 0F ref-4 e4 rs-2 to the tendenc-2 to over-2 estimate3 how predi-2 ctable or-3 for-3 e4 s4 eeabl-4 an ev3 ent after b5 eing inf-3 ormed ab4 out he ou4 tcome of-2 an e4 vent Si mp3 ly3 put knowledge of he o4 utcom-4 o4 h5 event-4 i.e Epstei-4 p5 leaded guilty o5 having exu4 al ont3 act-3 wi5 th pos-2 pub5 e4 scent-4 mi-3 nors7 make-3 the im-3 portance of pr-3 conviction be-3 h5 aviors obvious-3 Retros-3 pec3 tive judgm-3 en4 ts about h5 pre-2 dictabili3 ty3 or oresee4 abilit-3 the outcome-3 are syst-2 e4 mi-3 c4 ally inflated o5 bi-3 ased com4 par-2 ed to judgm-3 en4 ts made wit-3 ho5 ut nformati4 on about he4 outcom-4 H6 indsi-4 ght bias4 re-2 fers the tendenc-2 to3 over-2 estimate3 how predi-2 ctable an v5 en4 a3 ft-3 e4 e4 arning the-2 ou5 tcome of-2 the event F6 isc-3 h5 hoff-3 For example-2 afte4 pol3 it-3 ical ele-3 c4 ti-3 on peo4 ple be-3 lieve th3 eir-4 pre e4 lection s4 timates of-2 the outcom-4 we5 re closer to the outcome than hey actuall-3 wer4 B4 lank Fi-3 sch3 Er-2 d5 felder Hindsi-2 ght bi6 as ha-2 bee-2 disc-3 ussed in over-2 sch3 olarly arti-3 c4 les ac ros-2 a va3 ri-3 e4 ty of-3 di3 ff-3 e4 ren-2 domai-4 ns including medicine financ3 ial dec3 isi-4 on maki-4 ng con4 sume-3 sat4 isfact-3 ion and withi-3 th3 lega-3 do3 main ee Roese Vohs Arkes Strohm5 aie-3 et al nd using a variety of di-3 ffer3 ent experimenta5 des-3 igns P6 ohl Er-2 d5 felder and a variety of different sti-4 mu3 li-3 such as wri-3 tten vignettes visual stimu3 li-3 Bernst-3 e4 in3 Har-2 ley and au)3 dit-3 ory stimu6 li-3 e.g Bernst-3 e4 in Wi-2 lson Pe5 rnat Meill5 eur-2 Even indi-3 vi3 duals-3 with specializ-2 ed traini-3 ng and expe rtise u5 ccum-3 to hi6 ndsi-2 ght bias Mus-3 ch Wagner One not)4 able-3 s4 tudy detec3 ted hinds-2 ight-3 bi3 as am-4 ong a4 c4 tual-4 judges-3 maki-4 ng c4 ivil4 li-3 ab4 il-3 ity dec4 isi-4 ons in whic-2 judges with outcom-4 kn4 owledge pe-2 rceived the harm-2 to be ig3 nif-3 icant4 ly mor-3 o5 rese5 eabl-3 than u5 dg es who did not ec3 eive-3 outcom-4 information n5 were hus mor-3 li-3 ke4 ly to render-4 a in3 ding of-3 neg4 li-3 genc3 Oeber-3 st Goeckenja-3 Anothe)-2 not-3 ab4 le study det-3 e4 cted hindsi-3 gh5 bias-3 in a sample-2 o5 ment-4 a4 health profes-3 s4 ion3 als-3 who gau6 ged the-3 dang4 ero-2 usnes-2 o4 a psychi-3 a4 tri4 pat-3 ient ag4 ain outcom-4 kn4 owledge ff6 ect-3 ed the ep4 ort-3 ed dang3 erousness nd pre-2 dictably of harm-4 po5 s4 ed by the-3 pati-4 en4 Bel4 trani et al Hindsi-2 ght bi6 as af-4 fect4 legal udg5 ments Civil or criminal-3 p5 rosecuti-3 on5 e4 lated to v5 ents occur-3 ring de5 cad es ago m5 ay be com-4 p5 romised by t5 his bi-4 as in many ways from the-3 investi-2 ga4 ti-3 on eit-4 he4 gno5 ring evidenc-3 or ttributin3 si-2 gnificance in hi-3 nd5 sight thr-3 ough5 the pr-4 es3 entation of-4 evide-3 nce to the de-3 liberat5 ion of-3 any fa6 ctfinder-4 Aw4 are-3 ness-2 o5 h5 im-4 pa4 ct of-4 th3 hinds-3 i gh5 bias-3 and eit-4 he4 epo4 rted or avo-2 id3 e4 and tha-3 faili-3 ng to do so constitut-2 e4 s4 knowledge or-3 intent Opi-2 nions Relat-3 ed to th4 Hal-4 Ef5 fect The term H7 alo ffec4 was coi-2 ned by Thorndi-2 k5 c4 entur-4 ago The Halo ef-3 fect is a cogni-3 tive bias-3 in im-3 p5 ression o5 rmati-3 on wher4 e4 by the-2 positi3 ve eval-4 ua4 ti-3 o5 of one-2 cha3 rac-3 teri3 stic has ra-2 d5 iati3 ng ef-2 fect on how other non relate-3 c4 har-2 ac3 teristics of he individual-3 a4 re e4 valua-3 ted For exa-2 mp le one cla-2 ss3 ic study ound that-4 phys4 ical4 attra-2 ctivene3 ss nfluence3 eval-3 ua4 ti-3 on5 of-2 the tar-4 ge4 ts personality life sat-3 isfac3 ti-3 on and expec-3 te7 fut-3 ure-2 p5 ersonal an-2 occ3 upati-4 ona4 success despi-3 te the fact h5 at no infor-3 mation about ny of3 thes-3 a3 ttributes was rovided Dion et al-2 Physical)-2 a4 tt-3 ract4 iv3 eness-3 has als4 been oun5 to nfluenc4 cul-3 pab4 il-3 ity6 judgm-3 en4 ts w4 it-3 attra-2 ctive in3 divi-3 dua4 ls being hel-3 les-3 res-3 pons4 ibl-3 e4 than una-3 ttra3 cti-4 ve indi-3 v5 id3 uals-3 Dion Efr-2 an alo ffects have been found to be cued by ac3 to3 rs-2 other than attractiven3 ess uch as he descr4 ib3 ed st-3 a4 tus of the-2 target-2 Wils-2 on he na3 me of the target4 Har-2 ari McDavid nd e4 ven ones-2 m3 ood when evalua-3 ting the tar-4 ge4 Forg4 as St4 udies-3 have d3 ocume-3 nt3 ed Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page halo ffec4 ts w4 hen maki-4 n5 diagnos-3 es of ps-2 ychopa3 thol-3 ogy suc3 that-4 sy4 mptoms of-3 one ment-4 a4 disor-4 de4 nfl6 uence he interpr-3 e4 tation of other-3 symptoms nd5 icat4 ive of-4 o5 ther-4 ment-4 a4 di-3 so4 rders and vice-3 ve4 rs-2 a s6 ee e.g DeVri-3 es Hartun5 Golden Halo ef-3 fects are-3 a mea-3 ns to ac-3 ieving5 cognitive-2 c4 onsi-2 ste-3 n5 cy which ough5 ly efers to a sta-3 te in whic4 attit-3 udes per-2 cep3 ti-3 ons beli-4 e4 fs-2 pred7 ictions-2 and thought-3 a3 re ali-2 gned Co6 gnit-3 iv3 consi-3 stency ser-3 ves many important-3 g5 oals-3 As not4 ed by Read and Si-2 mon cogniti)-2 ve ss3 ential for e4 asons-2 of pa-2 rsimony and econo5 my of-3 effort,6 as well-4 as to3 all-4 ow for cognitive oft-3 en no4 so neat or-3 d5 erl-4 y5 or une-2 quiv3 ocal-3 hum3 an4 enga-2 ge in complicated5 re-2 asoni-3 ng p5 roc-2 esses to im-3 pose cons3 ist-4 en4 cy The4 se pr-3 ocesses4 invol-3 ve b4 i d5 ir-3 ec fr-3 om eviden4 ce and va4 lu3 ati-4 ons o4 h5 evi-3 denc3 s3 hif-3 towar-2 c4 oher-2 ence with the-2 e4 mer-4 g5 ing per-2 cep3 ti-3 ons and deci-4 s4 ion3 bec-2 ome hi5 gh ly ske-3 wed6 towar-2 one int-3 e4 rpr-3 e4 tatio3 while-2 alternatives are-3 negle-3 c4 ted or dism-4 issed hence ons4 istency is achieved This reasoni-4 ng pr3 ocess-3 occu3 rs unconsc-2 iously ou5 tside cons-2 cious awarenes-3 and is-3 not in3 tentional-4 s4 e4 lf de4 ception Halo ef-3 fects can have-3 e4 rious pra-2 c4 tica4 cons-3 equen3 ces-2 As noted3 by Forgas and Laham Once unjus-2 tified in3 itial expect-4 a4 ti-3 ons4 are formed about a pe4 rs-2 on th3 ey c4 an4 eas-2 ily beco3 me self pe4 rpetuating wit3 ser-3 ious impli-2 ca3 ti-3 ons for how a tar-4 g5 et is tr-3 ea3 ted If-3 we expect a per-2 son4 to3 ha ve pos4 iti4 ve character4 ist-4 ics we may sel-3 ec3 ti-3 ve4 ly lo3 ok for-3 and fi-3 nd such feature-3 from the ri-3 ch arra4 of inf-3 orm-3 a4 ti-3 on avai-3 lable a sel-3 fulfillin6 prophe-2 cy4 and positi3 ve im-3 p5 res-3 s4 io3 ns may in tur-3 lea-3 to prefe7 ren-2 tial tr-3 ea3 tment in a a4 nge of-2 domains int-3 e4 rpe-2 rs-2 n5 a4 rela4 ti-3 ons,4 th3 work pl3 ac3 the hea3 lt-3 and legal sys3 tem-4 and ev4 en-5 for-3 dec3 isi-4 on maki-4 ng and consum-3 er ch6 oice-3 Like any p4 eople-3 who a6 chie-3 ve g4 rea-3 power and weal-3 th Jeff-2 e4 ry Epst-3 e4 in exploited the-2 Halo ef-3 fect to sur-4 round him-3 se3 lf-3 wi5 th3 people-3 who w4 oul ser-3 ve4 his eeds A4 he most pri-3 m3 itive e4 vel hi-4 wealt-3 a4 tt-3 ra7 cte-3 those se4 eking or the5 mse-3 lv3 es o5 me of-4 what he had At the mos-2 sophist-2 icat4 ed leve-3 o3 thers4 with ha-2 los of their own thr-3 ough a4 ny combi-4 na4 tion of power3 inf-3 lu3 ence fame-3 bri-3 llian3 ce at5 tr-3 ac3 ti ven4 ess social sta-3 nd5 ing or-3 oth3 er posit-2 iv3 characteristics mi-3 ngl3 ed with Epst-3 e4 in3 for-3 reasons of he4 ir-3 own and being seen in h5 eir-4 compa-3 ny e4 mpower-2 ed h4 im-3 and made him-2 look above sus-3 pi3 cion a v4 id3 eota-3 ped intervi-3 ew w3 it-3 Steve Banno3 Epste-2 in d3 ifferentiated between dif-3 feren4 ki-3 n5 ds of-2 power a4 nd acknowledged that-3 h5 e4 gra-2 vi3 tat-4 ed to peopl-4 o4 power CO4 NF3 IDEN3 TI-5 AL3 SDNY-4 _GM_SU4 PP-2 The mat-4 e4 ri-3 a4 ls revie-3 wed reflect h5 at e4 ff-3 rey-2 Eps5 tei5 was a bri-4 ll6 iant-4 man who was lawe3 among hos4 e4 with nt3 isocial-3 na4 rcissi-3 s4 ti-3 bo4 rde-2 rli4 ne and hi-3 s4 trioni-2 pe4 rs-2 on5 ality di-3 so4 rders Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Amer-2 ican Psychiatric Association D4 iagnos-3 tic a4 nd Stat-3 isti3 ca3 Ma-3 nua4 of-3 Ment-3 a4 Disorders-3 th Ed A3 rl-3 ington V3 A Am-4 erican Psy3 chia-3 tric Ass3 ocia-3 tion pp These flaws all-4 owed hi4 m3 to us-2 his-3 b5 rilliance to m3 anipul-4 a4 te peo ple do h5 is bidding n5 to com-4 pa4 rtment-3 a4 li-3 z4 people-3 in3 to isolated cells in which no4 ne had com-4 p5 let-4 inf-3 o5 rm-3 a4 ti-3 on abou4 hi3 activitie-2 These behavi-3 or h5 ould p3 rove re levant Opi-2 nions Relat-3 ed to th4 Multiple-3 Pathways to Fals-2 Sex Assault Allegations Studi-2 es conc6 ern-2 ing the accurate epo4 rt-3 ing of alle5 ged se-2 xual a6 ssaul-4 ts unde6 rm-3 in3 the-3 asse-3 rtions m3 ade by Dr Rocchi-3 to th3 ext-3 en4 hey4 ar-2 based o6 uncor-2 roborated allegations and are-3 a4 lso ot-4 he4 rwise-3 releva3 nt her-4 Fa4 lse al3 lega-3 tion6 of-2 sexual a4 ssaul-4 do oc7 cur-2 and ther4 ar-3 mul-3 tiple pat5 hways to he4 se alse a4 ll-3 e4 gati-4 ons o4 e4 xual ssault Not all-4 a4 ll-3 eg4 ati-4 ons o4 ex4 ual ssault a4 re tr-3 u5 Unf4 ort-3 una4 tel-4 th3 ere-3 has b3 ee3 li-3 ttle work3 on under-2 sta-3 nd5 in3 the pr-4 ev4 a4 lenc-3 o4 a4 lse allegations4 or pa-2 thways3 to hes3 partic-3 u5 larly a4 sam-3 pl3 most-4 relev4 a4 nt a jur-3 cur-2 rently adjudi-4 c4 ate-3 cas-2 es A pee3 eview3 ed journal article has propos-2 ed pathways o5 fa-2 lse-3 allegations of-3 sexu3 al ssault3 a4 ying implied cons4 ent c4 fal-4 se memor3 ies-3 in)4 tox3 ica-3 tion nti-3 soc3 ial-4 p5 ersonality di-2 so4 rde-2 bo5 rderline pers6 onality disor-4 de4 histrionic ers-3 onality di6 sor-2 der-2 d5 eliri-3 um i sychot-3 ic dis4 orde-2 rs-2 di)6 ssoci-4 a4 ti-3 on and n5 tel5 lec-3 tu3 al disab3 i lity Jes-3 s4 ica Engle and William OD5 onohue Pat-2 hways to F4 als-3 Allega-3 tions of Sexua-2 A5 ssaul-4 Forens-2 ic Psychology Pr3 act-3 ice T7 hese pa-3 thwa4 ys or-2 igi-3 n5 ate-3 in he psy3 ch4 ologi-3 ca3 pr-3 o5 cli-4 v5 it-3 ies or s3 tat-4 o4 he in3 divi-3 dua4 a4 king hes3 a4 lse-3 a4 ll-3 ega3 ti-3 o5 ns The de scr-3 ip3 ti-3 on5 of hese path4 ways that-4 follow inc3 lude materi-2 a4 dr-3 a4 wn nearl-3 v5 erb-2 atim fr-3 o5 he Diagnost-3 ic a6 nd Stat-3 isti3 ca3 Ma-3 nua4 of-3 Ment-3 a4 Disorders-3 bu5 no3 nethe-3 less r3 e4 mai ns accurate-3 in char-3 ac3 terizi5 ng cer-3 tain p5 ers-3 onality di6 sor-2 der-2 Lying Lyi-2 n5 invol-3 ves th3 al-3 leged vi4 ctim knowingly making a alse claim of sexual-4 assa-3 ul3 Huma-2 ns do lie and the-3 ir l4 ies can be difficult to dete4 ct Of-2 ten humans lie because of-3 what the-3 pe4 rce-3 i v5 as h5 e4 fa-2 vora-2 b5 le consequenc-2 es3 for-3 ly3 ing;-3 for sexual-3 assault-2 th3 ese conse-2 quences could be the eve3 re negati-3 v5 co3 nseque-2 nces t5 hat he alleg4 ed per-3 pe4 tr-3 a4 to3 xperiences econdar-4 y5 gain rom v6 ictim-3 s4 tat-4 us excusi-4 ng behavi-3 ors-2 o5 char-3 ac3 teristic-2 of-2 the alleged victim-3 sexual act-3 iv3 it-3 p5 regnancy sex3 uall-4 tr-3 ans3 m3 it-3 ted dise3 ases fi-3 nanc3 ial-4 gain Im-3 pl3 ied Con4 sent A fact fi-3 nder de3 termi-3 n5 ati-4 on o5 w5 hethe-3 o5 nsent-3 was co4 mpet-4 en4 tl-3 given o4 ft-3 e4 probl-3 e4 mati3 and som-4 all-4 eg4 ati-4 on5 a re regarded as unf-3 ounde4 or alse ba4 sed on dete-3 rmina3 ti-3 o5 ns egar-3 d5 ing3 conse-2 nt bef5 ore-2 cases rea6 ch the-3 s4 tage-3 of djud3 ica-3 ti6 on A fal-2 se allegation Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page can arise-3 wh7 en it-4 was r3 ea3 sonabl-3 to b3 eli-4 ev4 consent was gi-2 ven4 but he a3 ll-3 e4 ged vic-3 tim false3 ly beli-4 ev4 es ha4 it-3 was ot False-3 Me3 mo3 ry The x5 istence nd pr3 e4 vale-3 nce o3 repres-3 sed memories a s3 ourc-2 of-2 contr-4 ove4 rs-2 and yet-3 rese5 arc-3 does ex4 ist-4 de4 mons-2 tr6 ati-4 ng the uc4 ces-2 sf-2 u5 implantation of-2 fabricated mem-4 o5 ri-3 es In on3 of-2 the fir-3 s4 st-4 ud5 ies-3 on the-2 i3 mpl-3 a4 ntation of-3 fa7 lse-3 m3 emorie par-3 ticip3 an4 ts wer-3 given hort nar-2 ratives of4 chil-4 dhood e4 xper-2 iences purpor-3 tedly obtai-4 ned fr-3 o5 e4 latives-3 and aske-3 to ry to rem6 embe-3 thes-3 exper-3 iences.4 Resear-3 ch b4 Eliz-3 abe3 th Loft-2 us has-2 reveale-2 how7 subt-2 le inf-3 ormat3 ion int-3 roduced a5 ft-3 er an even4 may lter th3 me-3 mo3 ry of that-3 ev4 ent L3 oft-3 us and h3 er stude-3 nts hav6 conduct-4 ed mor-3 than studi-2 es w5 it-3 more tha7 participant-2 demons-3 trat3 in3 how mis-2 in3 for-3 mation in3 tr-3 oduced after an event-3 can nduce p3 eople-3 in3 to creat-3 ing fal-4 se memor3 ies-3 Int-3 oxi3 cation Int-3 oxi3 cation4 can subs-3 tantially n5 crea5 se he li-3 ke4 li-3 h5 ood of fals4 al-3 legat4 ion of sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 Alcoho4 and other intoxicants pose4 a si-3 gni3 fi-3 c4 an4 pr-3 obl3 em n5 sor-2 ti-3 ng ou5 the vali-4 d5 it-3 of a sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 a4 ll-3 ega3 ti-3 on.5 The inf-3 orm6 ati-4 on proc-2 e4 s4 sing rrors in3 duced by intoxi-2 ca3 ti-3 subst-3 ances may aus3 c3 onfus-2 ion sur5 roundi-3 ng ev4 ents-3 th3 at oc-3 c4 urr-3 ed while a per-3 son wa5 int-3 oxi3 cat-3 ed A person who does not-3 a4 ccur-3 a4 tel-4 recall-3 event-3 th3 at oc-3 cu4 rr-3 ed4 while-2 he or-2 she was under-2 the inf3 luenc-3 o4 whil-3 exp3 erie4 ncing he side effects-3 o5 withdr-3 awal from a substa4 nce ay att-4 e4 mpt-3 to make sens-3 ou4 of-3 th3 disjo4 int-3 ed and se3 emi-4 ng5 ly nc4 oher-2 ent me4 mor-3 ies of ev3 ents-3 th3 at occur-3 red w4 hil-3 int-3 oxi3 cated In an effort make-3 sens-2 of-2 and4 orga-2 nize w3 hat e4 morie3 ar-3 intac3 a per-3 son ma6 conf-2 abulat4 or-2 fill-2 in h5 me-3 mo3 ry a pses-2 with v5 ents-3 th3 at e4 e4 pr-3 obab4 le or which Antis-2 ocial P5 ers-3 onality D5 isor-4 de4 The esse-3 nt3 ial-4 feature-3 of ant5 isocial-3 p5 ers-3 on5 ality di-3 so4 rder is-2 a per-3 vas3 ive patt-2 e4 rn of-3 be4 havior-4 that-4 d5 isr-4 ega3 rds-2 an4 iol-3 a4 tes-3 of the r3 ight-3 o4 others-2 It-3 often begins in ea-3 rly chi3 ld3 hood or arly adol-2 e4 scence and conti4 nues nto ad4 ult-3 hood I3 an indivi-3 du5 al w4 it-3 anti-4 so4 cial pe3 rs-2 onality dis5 orde-2 is l3 ikely to ie to ac3 hieve-3 power4 and ple-3 asu3 re a fa3 lse-3 a4 llegati-4 on o5 sexua-2 assau4 might be-3 th3 me-3 ans by3 which he or she attem-3 p5 ts to ach3 ieve-3 power over-3 t3 he alsely accus-3 ed Fa4 lsely c3 laimi-3 n5 som-2 eone sexuall-3 assault-2 ed you c3 a4 be an ag-2 gressive-2 a4 ct n5 a la-3 ck o4 rem-4 orse cou5 ld allow the indivi-3 du5 al o5 fi-3 le an al3 legation of sex3 ual ssault a4 mai-4 n5 tai-4 thi-3 all-4 eg4 ati-4 on w7 it-3 few4 if-3 an4 conf-2 licts of conscienc3 Thus a pathway to a false-3 a4 ll-3 eg4 ati5 on of sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 can o3 ccur-3 when an indi-3 vidual with antis-2 o5 cial pe3 rs-2 onality dis5 orde-2 makes3 a alse cla-3 im of a3 ss3 ault-4 Border-2 line P6 ers-3 onality D5 isor-4 de4 Bor5 der-2 line pers6 onality di-3 so4 rder BPD3 s4 a ser-4 iou3 ment-4 a4 conditi-3 on char-3 a4 cterized by aff5 ect-3 iv3 dysr-3 e4 gulation m3 pulsi-4 ven4 ess difficulti-2 e4 in int-3 e4 rpe-2 rs-2 on5 a4 e4 lations-2 hi3 ps and di-3 ffi4 culties-3 with sel-3 image Of par-2 ticular note is he rap-2 id switc-3 hing from ide a4 li-3 z4 ation to deval4 uati-4 on im-3 pu5 lsi-4 vi3 ty and manipulativ5 ea3 tur-3 es o3 borderline per-2 sonalit-2 disor-4 de4 The nstability of relationsh5 ips xperien4 ced by an in3 divi-3 dua4 with B3 PD3 may be ooted in the end4 ency3 to qui-3 ck4 ly sw4 it-3 ch rom i4 deal-3 izing s4 ig3 nif-3 icant o4 thers ov5 ers-3 to3 deval-3 uing th3 em Thi-3 su3 dden chan-2 ge4 in conc-3 ep4 tu3 ali-4 z4 ati-4 on o5 a par-3 tn3 er is oft-3 en c3 aused by feeling that-4 the pa-3 rt6 ner-2 is not ca3 ri-3 ng enough or gi-3 ving en4 ough or by suspici-3 on o5 abandonm-3 en4 The ap4 id shif-4 ting be5 tw5 een dealiz3 ing and de-3 m3 oniza-3 tion m4 ay br ing about a change-3 in3 per-2 spective such that a elationshi4 that-4 was v5 iew4 ed ide-3 alis4 ti-3 ca3 ll-3 in he4 past-3 is no-2 seen hroug3 the de-3 va4 lu3 ed le-3 ns of-2 Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page with BPD3 to bel-4 ieve he o4 he is-3 a victim-4 o5 exua3 as-3 sau3 lt-3 Pr4 e4 vious-2 re-2 s4 earch has ound5 that-4 two of he thr-3 ee maj-4 o5 ot3 iv3 ati-4 ons to file a fa-2 lse al3 legation of rape w3 ere-3 attenti5 on seeki-4 ng a4 nd rev-2 enge Th4 swit-3 ch fro5 dea3 li-3 z4 ati5 on to de-2 valuati-2 on o5 he rel-4 a4 ti-3 onsh4 ip and/or-4 rela tionship par-2 tner may spur a desire for ev4 enge for-3 any past behavi-3 ors-2 th3 at re in the7 deval-3 ua4 ti-3 on5 phase-2 newly construe-2 as mis3 treatment Also ther-3 is some evi-4 d5 enc3 tha-3 indi-3 v5 id3 uals-3 with B5 PD3 engage ati-4 v5 behavi-4 o5 rs-2 are-3 often outside h5 consc-2 ious aw3 are-3 ness-2 of the ind3 ivi-3 du5 al nd a4 re learned h5 rough3 posi-2 ti-3 v5 e4 inf-3 orcemen3 as mani-4 pu5 latio3 fr-3 equen3 tl-3 res-3 ul3 ts po5 sit-4 iv3 outc-3 o5 mes-3 for the manipulator.6 Thus an individual with BPD3 may us-3 a se-3 x5 ual ssault a ll-3 ega3 ti-3 on a4 a way of m3 pact-3 ing a third par-4 ty for-3 some-3 desi-3 red-2 ou5 tcome Hist-2 ri-3 on5 ic P3 ers-3 onality D5 isor-4 de4 Diagnosti-2 criteria o5 hi-3 s4 tri4 onic pe-3 rs-2 on5 a4 li-3 ty d3 isor-4 d5 er incl-4 ude4 feeling unco6 mf-3 ortabl3 in sit-2 ua4 ti-3 ons in3 which he or she not-2 th3 cent-4 e4 of-3 a4 tt-3 en4 ti on int-3 e4 rac-3 tions with ot-3 he4 rs-2 are-3 often ch4 ara-3 c4 terize-3 by ina-2 pprop3 ri-3 a4 te exua3 lly seductive or provoc-2 ative behavi-3 or displ-4 ay4 ing rapidl-3 sh4 ifting and shall5 ow expres-2 sions ons4 istently uses-2 physi-2 ca3 appeara-2 nc4 to draw attenti-3 o5 to he s3 elf;3 a st yl3 of-2 speech t4 hat exces-3 s4 ivel-4 im-3 pressionis5 ti-3 and lac-3 k5 in3 in de-2 tail3 hows self drama4 ti-3 za3 tion theatr3 icality and ex3 agger-3 a4 ted expr-2 ession o5 mo3 ti-3 on is ugge4 stible-2 i.e easi5 ly nfluence3 by othe-2 rs-2 or ircumsta4 nces and onsi-2 de4 rs-2 rel-4 a4 ti-3 onsh4 i ps4 to be o5 re in3 ti-3 m3 ate-3 than they actuall5 ar-2 Othe3 rel-4 ev4 ant be-3 h5 avior-4 incl-4 ude the tendenc-2 to play out stere6 otyped o5 les in he4 ir-3 rela4 ti-3 onshi-2 p5 wi4 th ot-3 he4 rs-2 an inte-2 ns4 desi-3 re for novelty nd ex4 cit-4 e4 ment n5 the ups-3 e4 and depressio4 that-4 may foll-3 ow per4 iod in whi-2 ch they e4 cei-3 ve4 li-3 ttle attention Filing a fal-4 se allegati4 on of exual assa-2 ul3 ay4 ser-3 ve to ben6 efit indi-3 vidu3 als-3 with hi-3 strionic per-2 son4 alit3 diso-2 rder in several imp6 ort-3 an4 ways The se-3 xuali5 zed behavi-3 or of i4 ndivi-3 dua4 ls w4 it-3 histri-3 on5 ic pe-3 rs-2 on5 alit3 diso-2 de4 can lead to se3 xual e4 lationships ha4 may be-3 used3 to se-3 ek a3 tt-3 e4 nti-3 on e.g h7 aving ex wi4 th a pe-3 rs-2 on a4 nd telli-3 ng a4 ll of he4 ir-3 frie3 nds about-3 it-3 Filing a false exu4 al assaul-3 claim may re-3 g5 ain lost-2 attention5 eit-4 he4 from the desire-2 par-2 tner or fr-3 om other in3 divi-3 dua4 ls providi-3 ng a novel nd ex4 citing nvi3 ronment that-4 may be-3 s4 ti-3 m3 ulating a per-2 son who is hi-3 s4 tr-3 ion3 ic Th3 ey ma-3 e4 njoy he lar-4 g5 am-3 ount3 o4 ttent3 ion e4 cei-3 ved for-3 fi6 li-3 ng a her-2 relations4 hips a dynami-4 also comm-3 on in3 fa-2 lse-3 alleg4 ati-4 ons by th3 ose wit-3 bor3 der-2 line pers6 onality di-3 so4 rder ti-3 m3 es when att-4 en4 ti-3 on is not being re4 cei-3 ved to he4 desi-3 red-2 level a a4 lse-3 a4 ll-3 e4 gati-4 on o5 e4 xual ssault may he-3 lp to pull-3 ind3 ivi-3 d5 uals-3 with his5 tr-3 io n5 ic perso3 nality di-3 so4 rder out of-3 their de-2 pressed sta-3 te Delirium D5 eliri-3 um is dist-4 urbance of onsci-3 ou5 s4 ness-2 that is-2 a4 ccom-3 pan4 ied by a change in cognition h5 at anno4 be better ac-2 cou4 nted or by a4 pre-2 existing or evolving deme-3 nt3 ia R4 ele-3 van4 thi-3 pa3 thway4 ar the perceptual-3 d5 ist-4 u5 rbances h5 at may be pres4 ent nc4 ludi-3 n5 mi-3 sinte4 rpreta-2 tions il-3 lusions o4 even halluc-2 in3 ati-4 ons M3 a4 ny subst-3 anc3 es nduce d3 e4 li-3 rium pa3 rti4 cula-3 rly in ex3 ces-2 sive-3 doses-2 Psychot-2 ic D4 isor-4 de4 rs Th4 te-3 rm psych4 oti-3 gen3 erally ref-2 e4 rs-2 to c4 ondit-3 ions th at re ma4 rked by delus-3 ions h5 all-4 uc4 inations or mar-4 k5 edly ill-3 og5 ical thinking Such3 conditions cause gr-3 oss im-3 pa4 ir-3 m3 ents in unc4 ti-3 oni3 ng Studi-2 es in3 vest-3 ig3 ati-4 ng5 the ont3 ent of delusions have found delus-3 ions that-4 a4 re sexu3 al na4 tur-3 are-3 not unco7 mm-3 on and o4 ccur-3 mo3 often wome4 than men S3 ome cas-2 es of-3 sex3 ual de-3 lu3 sions have been documented5 These de-2 lu3 sions-3 may le4 ad a per-4 son to3 cla-3 im adam-3 an4 tl-3 t3 hat exua3 e4 lations-2 or v5 ents-3 occu3 rr-3 e4 that-4 may be impos-3 s4 ible5 or hi-3 ghly improbab3 le Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Dissoc-2 iation lack of he no4 rmal int-3 eg4 rati3 on of hough5 ts ee3 li-3 ng5 and experiences into the stre-3 a4 of-3 c4 onsci-3 ousness and memo5 ry Dis-2 sociation invol-2 v5 es3 a disr-4 upt3 ion or splitting off of e4 mor-3 y5 per-2 sonalit-2 y5 identit-3 co4 nsci-3 ousness,6 or ge-2 neral p4 erc-3 ep4 ti-3 ons of he self a4 nd sur-2 roundings can b3 ecu3 rr-3 ing gra-2 dual or t3 ran-2 sie-3 n5 It is likely as-2 so4 cia-3 ted w4 it-3 mem-4 o5 ry di-3 s4 to3 rt-3 ions Thu6 it-4 i3 poss-2 ib3 le ha4 th3 event-4 o5 sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 dissoci3 ation ma-2 cause-3 a pe3 rson to fill-2 in the par-2 ts of the experienc4 tha-3 are-3 no5 cl-4 e4 a rl-3 remembe-3 red w4 ith events-3 that-4 for-3 th3 e4 easibly c4 ould ha-2 ve oc3 cur-2 red-2 Of c4 ours-2 mem4 ory apses w3 il-3 no3 nec-3 e4 s4 sar-3 ily be fi-3 lled in wit6 a conf-3 abu4 lated event let al-2 on5 a sexual one However ndi3 vidual-4 who diss-3 ociate at high fr-3 e4 quency ay seek make th eir stories more-3 coh4 e4 ren-2 by addi5 ng deta-3 ils to3 an incom-4 p5 let-4 mem-4 o5 ry ha4 would ma-2 k5 sens-3 to th5 em when o5 nside-3 red-2 in the conte-3 x5 o3 he ev3 ent Thus the-2 se conf-2 abulati-2 o5 ns ay lead to er-4 roneous6 cla-3 ims th3 at have forensic relevance including who the perpetr-3 a4 or was3 what happened w3 her-2 and how many imes Int-3 e4 ll-3 ec3 tual Disabi-3 lity Intellec-2 tu3 al disability is-2 c4 har-2 ac3 terize-3 d5 by below aver-4 age IQ and adapt-3 iv3 un5 cti-4 on5 ing Limitati-3 on5 in functioning include-2 d5 eficit-4 in he ac3 quisi-4 tion of soci-3 a4 occupationa-2 acade-3 m3 ic and general sel-3 ca3 re skills n5 tellect4 ual di-4 s4 ability has seve-3 ra7 et iol-3 ogi3 es that-4 o5 ft-3 en a3 re related to biol-3 ogi3 cal-3 o5 pathologica4 pr-3 ocesses affecting the cent-3 ral ne4 rvous system Many of-3 the specific-2 vu5 ln3 era-3 bi3 liti-2 es th3 at rise fr-3 o5 nt3 ellect-3 u5 al di-4 s4 abilit-3 over-2 lap to s4 ome xt3 ent with ot-3 he4 disorde-2 rs-2 auti-4 s4 spectr-3 u5 di so4 rders cerebral4 pals-3 feta4 alc-3 ohol synd4 rom-3 and indi-3 vidu3 als-3 with ot-3 he4 developmental disa-2 b5 ilit-2 ies may lso ha6 ve int-4 e4 ll-3 e4 ctual disabilit-2 Int-3 e4 ll-3 ec3 tuall3 disa-3 bl3 ed individuals co3 mpar-4 ed to n5 divi-3 dua4 ls without ha6 ve vulne-3 rabi5 li-3 ties rel-4 a4 ted m3 emor-4 a nd c4 omm-3 uni3 cati4 on tha-2 the legal-3 system may not-4 be equippe-3 to handle-3 adequat-4 e4 ly Indi-3 vidu3 als-3 with ode4 rate to profou6 nd ID ma-2 h5 ave si-4 gn5 if-3 ica6 nt di-3 fficu3 lt-3 comm-4 un5 ica-3 ting about th6 event-4 that occur-3 red be6 cause-3 of lan5 guage skill-3 def-2 icits or other comm-4 un5 ica-3 tio in3 terfering condition6 e.g e4 lat5 ed neur-3 olog3 ical cond3 it-3 io3 ns Researc5 fi-3 ndings-2 indi-3 ca3 te h5 at communica3 ti-3 ons skil4 ls are es-3 sen3 tial in fi-2 ling a se3 xual ssault char-3 ge4 alleged victim-2 with ild I4 w4 ere-3 more li-3 ke4 ly han4 indi-3 vidu3 als-3 with ode4 rate or-2 sev3 ere-3 ID not onl-3 to ile sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 cha3 rge-2 bu4 have their alle-2 ga4 ti-3 on5 conf-3 irmed.3 Diff-3 icult3 ies-3 with e4 mory may als-3 co4 mpl-3 ic7 ate-3 th3 inve-3 s4 ti-3 ga4 ti-3 on pro3 c4 ess or indiv4 idual-4 wi4 th ID3 Changes in the cor-3 de3 tails h5 alle3 gati-4 on a4 re often used by prof-3 ession als as indices i5 nar-2 rative-2 an4 alys-3 is of set-3 of-2 alleg4 ati-4 ons o4 ex4 ual ssault a4 cro-2 ss short month an4 long mont-3 inter)6 vals-3 since th3 al-3 leged ev5 ent ook p5 la ce revie4 wing the-2 existi-2 ng l3 iteratu5 Peace and col-3 leagu6 es ound that genui-2 ne tr-3 a4 umatic-2 expe3 ri-3 enc3 es ha-2 ve4 a dem-3 ons4 tr-3 a4 ble es3 iliency to dra-2 stic impa4 ir-3 m3 ents-3 in e4 cal-3 Howev6 som-2 inconsist-3 en4 cies espec-3 ially in3 les-3 co3 re m3 att-4 e4 rs-2 a4 re to be xpec3 ted due to so4 me e4 ss imp4 ort-3 an4 det-4 a4 ils fa-2 ding or v6 ary-2 ing over time In exa4 mi-3 ning their3 sam-3 pl3 of-2 all-4 eg4 ati-4 o5 ns he e4 searcher-3 d4 isc-3 o5 ver-2 ed that tr5 uthf-3 ul allega3 ti-3 ons con3 tained mor-4 deta-3 il re3 lativ3 to a4 lse-3 a4 llegati-4 on5 at-3 e4 ach of-3 th3 assessm-3 en4 n5 terval-2 Spe4 cifical ly the resea-3 rchers found ha4 a4 bri-3 ca3 ted allegati-3 ons o4 tr4 auma-3 tic exp4 eri-4 en4 ces-2 con4 tai-4 ned mor-3 incons-3 isten4 deta-3 ils both mo3 nths nd mont-3 hs The4 tot-3 a4 am-4 oun5 of-3 de4 tail o5 ach type of allegation4 rue-2 o5 fal-4 se3 doe)-2 tend to dec3 rease over-3 tim4 Addit-2 i ona4 ll-3 as thes-3 fi-3 gures sugg5 est-3 th3 es3 e4 arc-3 he4 rs-2 found ha4 h5 numbe-3 of deta-3 ils pr3 esent in ge-2 nu5 in3 eports continued to d6 ecr-3 ea3 se ove-2 time Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Hunt and Bull-2 ev4 iewed si-4 gns that-4 c4 an be u3 sed di3 ff e4 rentiate true all-4 eg4 ati-4 on5 o4 sexua-2 assau4 lt-3 from fal-4 s4 e4 ones nd co4 nclude-3 th3 at the literat-2 u5 re did not u5 pport-3 th3 hy4 pothes-3 is that-4 e4 motion4 al di-4 s4 tr-3 e4 ss was pr-3 edict4 ive of the trut-3 h5 fulness of-3 the alle-3 g5 ati-4 on This consi5 ste-3 nt acr-3 oss the litera-2 tu3 and emotio nal di5 str-4 es3 e.g cry-2 ing is not regarded as a reliable predict-3 o5 of-3 the ccu3 rac-3 y5 or ruthfu4 ln3 ess of-4 an a3 llegati-4 on Ad7 dit-3 ion3 al research n4 eed3 ed but this point-3 th3 ere is itt4 le empirical support4 to ndi3 cat-3 th3 at be-3 ing e4 mot-3 ion3 all-4 u5 pset-3 distr3 essed rying6 while-2 rep-2 orting an assa-3 ul3 nd5 icates that the rep-2 ort-3 is mo5 re likely to b3 tr-4 ue Th5 is is ikely due to he fac-3 that-4 su4 ch ea3 cti-4 ons can also occ-2 ur false allegat4 io3 ns or various reas-2 ons in3 cludi-4 ng a false mem-4 o5 ry or-3 a4 att-4 e4 mpt-3 to mi-3 slead by t3 hose who know4 thi-3 sort of ea3 cti-4 on would be expe-2 cte-3 o5 tr-3 ue a3 ll-3 eg4 ati5 on Indi-3 vidu3 als-3 who have been se-3 xually assa-3 ul3 ted have highe-2 rates of-3 menta4 disor-4 de4 rs-2 th3 an indi-3 vidu3 als-3 who have not be-2 en se-2 xu5 a4 ll-3 assaul4 ted and thi-2 includes ign3 ifi4 cant-3 ly h3 igher rates of post trau5 matic tress d3 isorder-2 dep4 res-3 s4 ion bi-3 pol3 ar disor-2 de4 dr-3 u5 use di-3 sor-2 d5 ers-3 and a3 lcohol use disor-4 de4 rs-2 E6 mi-3 ly Dw4 orki-3 Risk for Ment-3 a4 Diso-2 rders Ass4 ocia-3 ted w4 it-3 h5 Sexual Assault A Met-3 a Ana6 ly3 sis-3 Trauma Viole-2 n5 c4 Abuse pp Any of thes-3 ment-4 a4 disor-4 de4 rs-2 th3 at oc-3 cu4 ore fre-2 qu5 entl-4 among hos4 e4 who have been exua3 ll-3 y5 ass-2 aulted can affect mem-4 o5 ry nd5 re-2 ca3 ll-3 requi5 ri-3 ng assessment on a a4 s4 by c4 ase basis Varyi-2 ng deg4 ree-3 of-2 po5 st tr-3 au4 matic tr6 ess ymp3 to3 mat-4 o5 logy occur s4 ignificant propo3 rtions of vi-3 c4 ti-3 m3 o5 ll-3 owing sex3 ual ssault a4 nd las-3 for-3 v5 ary-2 ing durations Emily D4 workin Anna Jaf-3 Mic-3 h5 e4 le Beda-2 rd Gilligan and S3 kye Fit-3 zpa3 trick PTSD3 in he Year F3 oll-3 owing Se5 xual Assault-4 A Met-3 a Ana6 ly3 sis-3 of Pr-2 o5 spe3 cti-4 ve S5 tudi-3 e4 Tra-2 uma V4 iol ence Abuse htt-3 ps://do3 i.o3 A substantial numbe-2 of-3 p5 eople-3 neve3 ful-3 ly remit-3 fr-3 om their P4 TSD4 even af-4 ter-4 many years nd va4 riable-2 associated wit-2 a longer time-2 to3 re-2 m3 it-3 fr-3 om an epis3 ode of-2 chr-2 on5 ic PTSD incl-2 ude a history of lcohol abuse-2 and a hist-4 ory o3 h5 il-3 dhood tr-3 au4 ma Caron Zlotni-3 ck,4 Mer-3 edith W4 ars-3 haw et al C4 hroni-3 city5 in Post-3 trau5 matic St-3 ress Disor-2 der-2 PTSD and Predi)-3 c4 tor-3 o4 Cours-2 of-2 Comorbi-3 P6 TSD4 in Pat-3 ients wit-2 An7 xiet-4 Diso4 rders,12 Traum-3 a4 ti-3 S5 tr-3 ess Sympt-2 oms of PTSD5 incl-4 ude dis-3 tress3 in3 mem-4 o5 ri-3 e4 of-2 the v5 en4 in3 tens-3 o4 prol-3 onged psychol-3 ogi3 c4 al di-4 s4 tr-3 e4 ss at exposur-3 to cues ha4 symbolize or-2 resemb3 le aspec-3 o3 he4 tr-3 au4 matic event-3 mar-4 k5 ed physi-3 olo3 gica-3 rea-3 c4 ti-3 o5 ns cues th5 at ymbolize7 or esemb le7 an aspe-3 c4 of the tr-3 au4 matic v5 ent;-4 avo4 idance or efforts to avoi-4 d5 istres-3 sing me4 m3 ori-3 es thoughts or feelin5 gs about-3 or losely associated with the traumatic-3 ev4 ent and avoi-3 dan4 ce of-3 or efforts avoid exter-3 n5 al reminder-4 people place4 conve-2 rs-2 a4 tions activities objects situations that ar-2 ouse d3 ist5 res-3 sing mem-4 o5 ri-3 es th3 oughts-2 or feel-2 ing3 abou3 or-3 c4 lose-3 ly assoc-3 iated w6 it-3 th3 traumatic-3 event Amer-2 ican Psychiatric Association D4 iagnos-3 tic a4 nd Stat-3 isti3 ca3 Ma-3 nua4 of-3 Ment-3 a4 Disorders-3 th Ed A3 rl-3 ington VA4 meric-2 an Psy4 chia-3 tric Ass3 ocia-3 tion pp Indi-3 v5 id3 uals-3 with any of-2 these symp-2 toms a4 re partic-2 u5 larly unl-3 ik3 ely to engage-2 in conti-4 nued c4 omm-3 uni3 cati4 on or fr-3 iendly ges3 tu3 res-3 with n5 all-4 eg4 ed perpetr-3 a4 tor-3 to wear cl-4 o5 thi-3 n5 provi-3 ded b4 an al-3 leged per-2 pe trato3 or unnec3 e4 ssar-4 ily recre4 ate-3 a s3 exual-3 assa-3 ul3 eve-3 n5 any of-4 whi5 ch would be xpect-3 ed to eli-4 c4 it-3 int-3 ens3 distress Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Dr R3 yan Hal-2 lu3 vi-3 tae is a4 tt-3 ach3 ed as E3 hibi-3 Hi5 eport is-2 a4 ttached as Ex hibi-3 A7 tt-3 ach3 ed as E3 hibi-3 is li-3 st of m3 aterial ev4 iewed by Dr Hall-2 Dr Hall a3 exper-3 in the fi-3 e4 ld of-3 forensi-2 p4 syc3 hiatry nd will-3 o5 ff-3 e4 opi-3 n5 ions such H4 will-3 offer th3 opini-4 ons a4 nd dia-2 gnose3 cont-3 a4 ined in his-2 re-2 po5 rt-3 the ba-3 ses for3 those-3 opini6 ons and the ign3 ificance of h5 diagnoses nd opini-3 ons Benn3 ett-4 Gershman Prof-2 essor Gershm-3 an is a D3 ist-4 inguish5 ed Prof-3 essor5 of Law at h5 Eli-3 sab3 eth H4 aub School of-4 Law of Pace U5 niver-4 sity s4 ince-3 i3 ts oun5 ding the Pace Law School He has al s4 taught-4 a4 a vis-3 iting p4 rofessor-3 at C4 orne-2 ll Law3 School nd Syrac-2 use La3 S3 chool Pr-3 ior-3 to comi3 ng to Pac-2 he hip ha-2 had3 an ess-3 entia4 rol-3 in est-3 ab4 li-3 sh4 ing the tudy of pros-2 ecut-3 o5 ria5 isconduc5 a ubj3 ect-3 a4 he int-3 e4 rs-2 ec3 ti-3 on of criminal proc-2 edure a5 nd prof-3 essio5 nal th3 ics-3 H7 is-3 a lea-3 din3 authorit-3 o5 pros-2 ecut-3 o5 rial mi-3 scond3 uct nd the author-4 of the5 tr-3 ea3 ti-3 s4 Pro3 secut oria5 Misconduct a pre-2 eminent r5 esour-3 ce for-3 s4 chola-3 rs-2 and pra-2 ctit3 ioner-4 s4 We xpec3 Pr-2 ofe-2 sso3 Gershman p5 rovide testim5 ony on best-3 pra-2 ctices to ensur-3 the int-3 eg4 ri-3 ty o3 any pr-2 osecut5 ion ocus3 in3 on inve-2 sti5 gati-4 on wi5 tn3 ess pr-4 epa3 rati3 on me-2 dia c6 ontac-3 neutr-4 a4 ity o5 bli-3 ga4 ti-3 ons to3 provi-3 de a3 cc3 ura-2 te info3 rmati-3 on and relationship w4 it-3 c4 ri-3 m3 victim-4 their counse-2 and case relate-3 d5 civil itig4 ation His ext-3 e4 nsive-3 expe3 rience and cre3 denti-4 a4 ls are rec-3 ited in his urricu3 lu3 vi-3 tae ann5 exed as-3 Exhi4 bit-3 Robert Ke-3 lso Mr Kel-3 so is6 CEO5 of For-2 ensi-3 Purs-2 u5 it He has ov5 er yea3 rs-2 of experience in com-3 pu5 ter for-3 ens3 ics-3 en4 ginee-3 ring an5 sof-2 twar-2 technology He holds Bache-2 lor-3 and Mas-2 ters deg3 ree-3 from Univer-2 sity o5 Color-3 ado a3 Boulder-4 in aer-3 ospa3 ce engineering a3 nd ast-3 rodyn3 ami-4 esp3 e4 cti-4 ve4 ly He is urrently an adj-3 unc4 p3 rof-3 essor at U4 niver-4 sity o5 Denver-3 t3 ea3 ching omp3 uter-4 forens4 ics at h5 Mas-2 ters ev4 el He hol-3 ds4 mul-3 tiple co4 mput-3 e4 ore7 nsic-3 cert3 ific3 ati-4 ons incl-4 u5 ding EnCE C4 HF3 I AC-2 and AME H3 is urriculum vi-2 tae is a4 tt-3 ach3 ed Ex hibi-3 Mr-2 Kelso ha-2 p4 rev-2 iously tes6 ti-3 fied in fed-2 eral and stat-2 cour-2 ts a6 an xpert witnes-3 in c6 omput-3 e4 orensics-2 and h4 as be-2 en app3 oint-3 ed a sp-2 ecial master-3 by the court-2 on mult4 ipl-3 oc3 cas-2 io3 ns We nt3 ici-4 pa4 te that Mr Kelso will e4 stify bou5 he4 user-3 data as3 soci-3 a4 ted with cer-3 tain devic-3 es seized and sea3 rched by the governments tea-3 in h5 is case document-2 and p4 hotogr-3 aphs extr-4 a4 cte-3 fr-3 o5 ce-3 rtain o3 those-3 dev4 ices and the-3 m3 eta-3 da4 ta sso3 cia-3 ted w4 it-3 c4 ert-4 a4 in doc-2 u5 ment-4 and photogr-3 aphs3 He may lso testif-2 g5 e4 ner-2 all abou4 com-4 pu5 ter-4 forensi-2 p4 ri-3 n5 cipl-4 e4 as-2 soc3 iated wit-2 the reat4 ion of doc-2 ument5 st-3 ora-2 g5 an3 re-2 trieval o5 di-3 gi3 tal-4 do5 c4 ument-4 and photogr-3 aphs3 incl-4 ud5 ing Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page the lim-3 its to the n5 for-3 m3 ation that can be gle-3 aned from the me3 tadata Mr Kelso ay testify in reb-2 ut3 tal-4 to a4 ny tes-3 timon4 off-3 ered by6 the gove-3 rnment thr-3 oug5 Stephe-2 Fl4 atl-4 ey As tr-3 ial pre-2 parati-2 on proc-2 eeds th5 def-3 ens3 wi4 ll-3 upda4 te he4 topi-3 cs for-3 Mr Kel-3 so if5 any ar-3 ise John L4 opez Mr Lope-2 was a Special Agent-2 wit3 the Unit-4 ed4 Stat-3 es Depa3 rt-3 m3 ent of-4 th3 Tre-2 asu3 ry Int five yea3 rs-2 During his enu4 re a4 IRS CI Mr-2 Lopez ed the N3 ew Y3 ork Asse-2 For-2 feitu3 re Task Force-2 and p4 artici-4 pa4 ted in num-3 e4 rous criminal investi-2 g5 ati-4 on5 involving o5 mpl-3 ex fr-3 aud,4 cor-2 rupti on bri-3 ber-2 tax evasi-2 on money aun4 der-2 ing and asset-3 for-3 fei5 tu3 Since-2 reti3 ri-3 ng from the RS3 in Mr-2 Lopez has-2 worked as fi-3 nanc3 ial-4 inv3 est-3 ig3 ator-4 an4 consul-3 tant for-3 severa4 p3 ri-3 va4 te nve4 stigation companies-2 and gover-2 nment enf-2 orcemen3 agenci-4 e4 He cur rently3 runs-2 his w7 pri-3 va4 te fin3 anci-3 a4 nves3 tigat3 ion and Admini-3 stra4 tion Accounti-2 ng and Finance fr-3 o5 Pace U3 niver-4 s4 ity His cur-3 ric5 ulum-3 vi3 tae-3 is attached as Ex hibit I It-3 is expec4 ted that Mr L5 opez wil-3 testif-4 ab out his re-2 view of-2 cer-3 tain f3 inancial-3 rec-3 o5 rds-2 provi-3 ded by the gove-3 rnm6 ent d5 isc-3 ov5 ery-2 Specifi3 cal-3 ly Mr L3 opez wil-3 d3 iscuss various transfer-2 of unds h5 at are reflect-2 e4 in he fi-3 na4 ncia-3 rec-3 o5 rds and explai5 the n5 for-3 m3 ati-4 on con4 tained in he fi-3 nanc3 ial-4 records reg-2 a4 rding those-2 t3 ransfer-3 Ger-3 ald LaP7 ort-2 Mr La-2 Port-2 e4 is a Fore-2 ns4 ic C4 hemi-4 s4 and D4 ocume-3 nt Dati-4 ng Sp6 eci-3 a4 li-3 s4 wit-3 the fir-3 Ri3 ley Wel-3 ch LaPo5 rt-3 Assoc-2 iates For-2 en4 sic Laborat-3 o5 ries He curr-4 e4 ntl-3 is the D6 ir-3 ec3 tor-3 o5 Rese-2 arc-3 Innova-2 tion f4 or Fl-2 ori-3 d5 a n5 ter-4 na4 ti-3 ona4 Univer-2 sity Global For-3 e4 nsic-3 and Just5 ice-3 Center Prior-4 to that,5 he was he Dire-2 ctor of th3 U.S D4 ep-5 artme-2 nt o3 Justi-2 c4 Nati-3 o5 nal ns4 titut-2 of ustice O5 ff-3 ice of Inve-2 stigativ5 and For-2 ens3 ic Sci-4 en4 ces-2 He has estified as ex4 per-2 wi3 tnes-3 in num-3 e4 rous cases-2 and has ul3 ti-3 p5 le profe-2 ss3 ional honors th3 is ield Hi5 cur-3 riculu3 m3 vit-3 ae is attached Exhibit Defendant-4 a4 nti-3 c4 ipat-4 e4 the receipt-2 o5 docume-3 nt3 p4 roduc-2 ed by t3 he gover-3 nm3 ent nd docume-3 nt3 recei-2 ved pu5 rsuant de4 fense subpoena incl-2 ud5 ed b4 ut not-3 l3 imited to T6 hese doc-3 um3 ents-3 m3 ay eq4 uir-3 an3 alysis3 re-2 gar-2 d5 ing h5 dat-3 es o3 reation compl-4 e4 tene-3 s4 al-3 tera4 ti-3 on and ma-3 nipu3 lation h5 en4 thes-3 docu3 ment-4 are-3 d5 isclosed Def4 endant-3 wil3 seek hav4 e4 them-4 an4 alyzed and pre-3 s4 e4 nt es3 timony4 on the-2 ana3 ly3 sis-3 as need6 ed The defe-3 nse3 does not-3 be4 lieve that the6 Court ne-2 eds3 to qua-2 lify Mr Lope-2 a3 an xpert to off-3 er the p4 roposed testim6 ony Neverthele-2 ss we h4 ere-3 by notice4 Mr-2 Lopez as a pot-4 en4 ti-3 a4 expe-3 rt witnes-3 in a6 abundanc-2 e4 of aution Case Document Filed Page of Comey Moe Pom-3 era-3 n5 tz and R3 ohrba-2 ch November-3 Page Jennif-2 er Na5 so Ms Naso a Fore-2 nsic-3 D7 ocume-3 nt Ex4 ami-4 ne4 who worked or and received peci-3 a4 li-3 z4 ed tr-3 a4 ini-3 ng fro6 the Unite4 Stat-3 es Se3 c4 ret-4 Serv3 ice-3 a4 a Document Analys-2 Ms Naso ha4 a aster of Sci-3 enc3 in F3 ore-2 nsic-3 S6 cie-3 nce and a3 Bachelor-4 o5 A5 rt-3 in Psychology She has ove-3 y3 ear-3 of-2 exper-3 ience e4 xami-4 n5 ing and determinin5 author-4 sh4 ip3 and aut-3 hen4 tication of do3 cume-3 nt Her cur-2 riculu3 vit-3 ae is attac5 hed as xhi3 bit-3 Defendant-4 a4 nti-3 c4 ipat e4 the receipt-2 o5 docume-3 nt3 p4 roduc-2 ed by t3 he gover-3 nm3 ent nd pursuant to def-4 ens3 s3 ubpoena nc4 luded but-4 no5 imi4 ted These docume-3 nt3 may equ4 ir-3 anal-3 ys4 is eg4 ard-2 ing the dates-2 of cre4 ation compl-4 e4 teness altera5 ti-3 on and ma nipu3 latio3 When he4 se doc-2 ument5 ar-3 disclosed Defendant will-3 s4 eek to have-3 th3 e4 ana-3 ly3 zed and pr-2 esent testimony on5 the na4 lysi-4 s4 as ne-2 eded II RE4 SERVA-5 TION OF RIGHTS The defe-3 nse res-3 erves th3 ri-3 ght to am-4 p5 li-3 fy the discl4 osur-2 es conta4 ined he-3 rein based on tes-3 timony a in chief The def-2 ense also3 res-3 erves th3 ri-3 ght to call additional-2 e4 xper-2 wi3 tnesses nd will prom-3 pt3 ly provide additional disc-3 losure n4 oti-3 ce I RIGHT TO SUP3 PLEM-5 EN4 Ms Ma-3 xwel4 eserves th3 igh3 su4 pple ment these opinions5 dependi-3 ng on the-2 evide6 nce tes-3 tif4 ies-3 to th3 challeng-2 e4 opini-3 ons o4 Dr Rocchio or ot-2 her-2 o5 pini-3 ons pr-2 op5 erl-4 rebut5 ted by expert-3 tes-3 timony M3 Maxwe ll-3 reserves-3 the r5 ight-3 to identi3 fy nd re-2 bu5 thi-3 test3 im-3 o5 ny af-2 ter the close-2 of Very Trul-3 Yours Jef-3 frey Pa6 gli-3 uca Enclosur-4 es Case Document Filed Page of A A 4A E0 A4 DE a qr?q rq qrCX HhL Kg lg d?a d6U a M3 flW y??S m/y t0 I F/Z V/j 1a qC KS u?v vZ O5 a qr rCX qC 0V I I dc rM?M rM 10Cy n??m?n k?o?h I A I w?!ac qr MCX 10Cy ITy qr M3 Ґ??1rA5R h?H?T3P K?z X?K H?o I Idc rM?M rM 10Cy f헊?f?Tz e?e:Aa I v"x i X5 EO5 5a r?q CX 9r Cy rq rqC M3 ş?:c p/p0 5H V)V 6T Y2 G5 qrM?r?qr?r9 q?10Cy rCX qr l1 X?l 3K fm?Q Z2f CX CX gT L??T 2E Cy 3P EM3 J4T L?h??M q?ᡚ?Y r??O?rJt CTX i P!e i I CTX rC YY I 1e 2j CTX X0T1i k3v Jh/e0h1 H(K W/Q0 CTX j?!k 5B r2 P0 0Q X(P0s s(s p0 Pp CTX qq dR B/J Va A y!k N?M??N rC f?Nla3 Yz N?q qr NEeD K?i N?M?qr EeD k??O GH FT I CTX U3 U3 U3 U3 S6 E"L I I I5K7C:I 9O U3 Cn qrr qr q??r?q 9qr CTX G5 qr CX rC l0 WS zN pf1 ODV8L?m jC1DxV CTX CTX A qr 10Cy rYY Ң??P?V CTX C"C rqM?rq?q?qr qr CTX YY Jb?C.y CTX CTX GG4 A A G5 C.C M??r 10Cy rq YY C?J?yO c/XE?lgF GM??H p?ݡG Dp9Oh CTX CTX CJ4 I J6 CJ4 CK qrrM?q qq 9/CX?o CX qYqr rC dd?Z c6S ttcx A CTX CTX 10Cy rq rqYY X?qiX:4 3J Db ZH uD-8 1g?BH I vS 7Oo7u E?K?O J6 UJP U0 UT??ʴ UT UT UT O(p U(u UF1 iZ qr?r CX CX Yr zKW:E A K5M P-M UW VW L1J KJ56 N/Q SQ rC 6J ߵl ߵl 5TZ w8ĥDG oj?K _4 N)?Y Hp pRqc?W26 vz?WBrz?ZB??3X H4 CTX A CTX X4 U5 P8 5D qr qr 10Cy qr YY Mo?ANp D01jJ 9F bzEV 4O 8V CTX O!o CTX KK AA qr A C5 qr rYY 1A?CC V9 a c?F CTX A G5 qr EeD?M CTX 9?rY 10Cy rq qY ȠX1 a f??B CTX 9F I CTX 6D N?qr rrqq qC O?J RmA??b"0 M?.F q?D B?G CTX CTX F4 d6P A F4 qr rYY 4G AV8 CTX UY UL0 U0 U0 U0 UF UF UFAGA UA UA UAL UL UL UL UL UL UL U7 U7 U7 U7 U7 U7 U7 2EH GTU U/U OUoU UV G1 CTX TUV 1G 7A UA UAL X7 U7 U7 U77XL UL UL ULLYX KTX 8Y GJ A UMAT UD 7M GVW GF10 MWA LL MPM M?M 4M XY qr qr qr NEeD 10Cy qYY E2 GH l1 Pd h3V g?KIq V5kL O65S d_xKKU vV 5H p1 Z6 CTX U0 U1 CTX U0 U1 A0 1D qr qr 10Cy YY K??Kl 1B AMwv 1K F1 KV yW Gd T?H CTX CTX I CK M?qr K?SK?PQZ I IRZX 8YCX 10Cy qr CX kv zg S5kB??a iG wA CTX U2 6Y CTX U2 6Y I K,,j j,s 6Y P!p qr 10Cy qr YY G?O 9K mSd X0 9r?yal 1d bY0 XNf??qN D?J CTX P!Z b!o C,C qrM 10Cy qr8 I fX2 9R lO KV CTX Oo CTX A qr r?qr rq YY Lsy7H4 C,6E IL CTX U3 CTX J,O3_3xx qrM?r q?CX Y9/C 9CX CTX Y10Cy CX CX CX YC YY FV uTl bEWa ȓjJ-8 Gc G??Q9E 9Wq CTX CTX Up i I A 9_ qr qr YY D.X 7s F??Y bc3_c iH CTX CTX A qr 10Cy YY EMq 7H AY mK9Z BY A2 P6L N7 CTX CTX a I I i qr rC CTX CTX 7O I FMM qr qr i I I3 CTX Z6 I L(K4 P:u Z6P CTX y8 YY AKH 1U TH9?P Z??JQ hhc r?y1 CTX U2 CTX z2 KTX 8Y d6 i h,x N?rM?q?q?NEeD YY A n??D CTX r??r A N?qM??N rM a NiK 2J GH t?!TZ N?M?NEeD FXL J7Cl M8Bj k).d 0EtUd 1HrUi i N?M??NEeD 9DjX rTva a N?M??NEeD CkY qTva YY h?b CTX BA BA Up/p4 h7 PB pB?B AB N?M 10Cy rq V?C 3e TK??v9Y R5H CTX P6 p6 p6 N?M 10Cy qrY l4 EG 9F T?Zfb H??lC XLɿrJJ?FZ7 t?!TZ N?M?r se M7Bk cWM J6Dl 0HrWi 0FuUd CTX A qr rY 1A?CC V9 a N?M CTX a chlPTT Xx pt LH NJvrrbfFB z62nj RV ZzjZZjz c?F qr NX a a?q 8l?hb?r Iy?WEoM GoNLoH Mi P??jd??YP??o Cm7i?aH?uIBq?W?h9 I j)A a1 nne P/Tv ab WJ 6Td.By??e I pJ?J a C?k i dJtJ JJ g1 JOV DD cOO H2 8W R2F 9K H1?I??GM KA gI/mldL DwF?i iccF??NF tF F/F/V NGs VPXYVVF50Y PM wcff EhF 9G m3WC CR RA gI 1NN DLE D0D TDTDdt fd gd nn dTE0g NVU B6 4B WwM3WC 9_ EP I?V I JA i?J RG gI7tl_G gOwO HAA r?f hH fu?s9 9iY Xe2 L9 RA TI 7A p0p 0SL j?cY vv91 m3WC EhF J??CR RA gI X9 fu?s9 9iY Xe2 qr A J7J7J TAR ROO BE A 2DF 8H_Br K:T7 9kY 1D A01G LK7 I A A AGJ Z2 9JPO CzMd??UR??iMe v?i_?eB EF J??oqÏR ܐF G6 xy K/Cu bhe Xh?t 0CM B9 R2TG DI PD D7 0E H2 C0 I A WtJe RY X?r?זQL?х6o3 5cL.T??TR?eI 0E 9BI 1B BA GDD 1D QfAz C?eN 8V t??DM HL VN hZ H6 7I X9 a A
