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Court Records as described by folder names.
Epstein Release Interview Victim Statements Evidence Maxwell
← Back to Bryant v. Indyke, No. 1;19-cv-10479 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)
Extracted Text

UN4ITED S-3TA4T-2ES3 DI-3ST3RICT CO-4UR4T SOUT3HER-2N D4IST-2RI-3CT4 OF NEW YORK Plai-3nt3iff4 CA4SE NO4 cv AL3C DA4R-2REN5 4K I-4ND4YK4E a-4nd RICH4AR-5D D4 KAH-3N in their c-2ap4a4cities-3 as 3the execut-2o5rs-2 of the ES TA3TE 2OF JEFFREY-4 EDWA4R-2D EPSTEIN Def4endant-3s MEMO3RA4NDUM 4OF LAW IN4 OPPOSITION TO Case Document Filed Page of ii TA4B-2LE4 OF-5 CONT4E-2NTS PR3ELIMI-2NA4RY4 S-3TA3T-3EMEN3T STA4TEMENT OF3 F-3ACTS AR4GUMEN-3T I A Plai-3nt3iff The Indi-3c4tment W7as Not-6 Restr-3icted 4to3 Mino-2rs-2 Traff4icki-4ng Operatio4n that-4 5the I-4n5dict-4m8ent Concerned-2 N.Y4 Stat-3uto3ry I-3n5terpretation 5Precl-4udes 3th3e Appli-2ca3ti-3o5n of Def4endant-3s Have Not Me-2t Their Bur4den of P3rovi-3ng tha-2t Plain4ti-3ff6 Cannot I-2nvoke Equit-2able Es6toppel-4 Def4endant-3s Have Not Me-2t Their Bur4den of P3rovi-3ng tha-2t Plain4ti-3ff6 Cannot I-2nvoke Equit-2able Tolli-3ng II A Plai-3nt3iff4 May Recover-4 Punit-2iv3e Dam4ages i-4n 5thi-3s 4Case US3VI Law on Puni-3ti-3ve D6am7ages Gov-5ern-2s This-2 Ca6se US3VI Law Would All-2ow f5or Puni-2ti-3ve Da-4m8ages a-3gainst Def3endant-3s a Banks Factor One W8hethe-3r Any USV5I Court-3s Have Adopted a R4ule Banks Factor Tw3o The Posi-3ti-3on Tak5en by a Ma-3jo3ri-3ty of C3ourt-3s from8 Oth-4er Jur-2isdictions Banks Factor Three The5 Soundest-2 Rule for the-2 U7SV3I CO4NCLUS3I-6ON Case Document Filed Page of i TA4B-2LE4 OF-5 AU4THORI-5TIE3S Cases Antone Gen M-3otors-3 5Corp N.Y Ashcrof-3t 3v Iqbal U.S3 Babcock Jackson N.Y V.I V.I Booth Bowen No C4IV 4W9L D.V.I Jan Brown Parkchester 3Condos F.3d 2d Cir-2 Burrows Bd of Assessors for-3 Tow8n of Chatha3m N.Y Childer-3s 3New3 York Presby-2teria4n Hosp Supp 3d S.D.N4.Y Christ-3odoulou Terde5man CIT Bank Schi-3ffm3an F.3d 2d Cir-2 c4e4rti-4fied que4stion accept-4ed No 2W9L N.Y F3eb Clemens Neal-2on Coffman Coff-2man Crabtree-3 ex.3 Rel Kemp Estat-4e o4f Crabt-2ree I-3nd Davis Jac3kson No cv W4L S.D.N3.Y 2Sept DeMart-3ino 3v Riv-2era Case Document Filed Page of iv Denton McKee Supp 2d S.D.N5.Y Elli-4s 4v Zuck F.2d Cir Estat-3e o4f Farr-2ell-4 5ex rel 4Bennett-4 G6ordon A.2d Del Fligh-2t Sci I3nc Catha3y Pac Air-2ways Ltd Supp 2d S.D.N5.Y Funk Bel-2n5eft-4e4khim No CV BMC W)3L D.N4.Y July Galli-3na T5hatche-3r No N.Y4 Mis-3c LEX3IS 2(Sup C3t Oct Gen Stenc-2il6s I-2nc Chi3appa N.Y Gleason 5Holman C4o-4ntrac-3t 3War-2e4housi-2ng Inc Sup Ct Gotli-3n Le4derman No CV I-3LG3 4W9L E.D.N3.Y A4pr V.I V.I Guardian I-2n5s Co Gum4bs No ST CV 4W9L V.I Super-3 Aug Guobadia I rowa Supp 3d E.D.N5.Y Ham4il-3ton D4owson H3ol-6ding Co V.I D.V.I Ham4merman Louis Watch Co Haralson 5Fisher-3 Surv3eyi-3ng In3c P.3d Ari-2z Harris-2 City of New York F.3d 2d Cir-2 Case Document Filed Page of Hofer Lav5ender Tex In r-2e Gleason 5(Mi-3chael-3 5Vee Ltd In r-2e Afri5can Apartheid Litig F.Supp.2d S.D.N5.Y Jones Cit3y of New York No CV VSB 3W9L S.D.N3.Y A4pr Kaopuiki 5Kealoha P.3d Haw C4t A-4pp Kashef BN5P Paribas S.A F.3d 2d Cir-2 Klaxon Co Ste-2nto3r El3ec M-3fg Co U.S3 Kosakow New3 Rochelle Radiol-3ogy 4Assocs-2 P.C F.3d 2d Cir-2 LaRocca Coll-2en I-2P No C4iv WL3 S.D.N3.Y M-3ay Mc-2Elligot3t C4it-3y of Ne3w Y3ork No LGS 4W9L S.D.N3.Y D4ec Mc-2Gui rk C4it-3y Sch Di3st of-4 Alban4y Me-2egan v3 Donald N.Y Supp 3d S.D.N5.Y Padula Lilarn Prop Corp Perry-2 Mel4ton S.E.2d W9 4Va Schult-4z 4v Boy Scout-3s o4f 3Am3 Inc-2 Case Document Filed Page of vi Siegf-4r4ied 5Siegf-4r4ied Til-2lett L3ip3pert P.2d Mont-3 Stat-2utes N.Y4 Penal Law N.Y4 Stat-3 Law N.Y4 Stat-3 Law N.Y4 Stat-3 Law Ru3les Fed C4iv N.Y4 N.Y4 passi-3m N.Y4 passi-3m Ot-3her Auth6oritie-2s Brief of3 Defendant-4s App7ell-4e4es Kash6ef BN3P Paribas S.A No 2d Cir-3 Aug Dkt Co-2m8plai-4nt GV3I Estate of J-2e4ff-3re3y 4E Epstei-3n No ST CV V.I Sup Ct Ja-2n N.Y4 Comm Rep N.Y4 S.B3 4No 42nd Leg-2is Sess June-3 Restat-4 Second of)3 Tort-2s Trans-2cript o3f P4re m8oti-3on Conf5ere-3nce Farmer Indyke et-3 a5l No cv LGS S.D.N3.Y 2Mar-3 Dkt Case Document Filed Page of Plai-3nt3iff4 Juliett-4e 90Bry5ant by and 90thr-3o5ugh her-2 89und5ers-3igned 87att5orne-2ys 90resp6ect-3fully thi-3s em7orandu-2m8 30of a-5w 32in o5ti-3o5n 30to PR3EL4IMI-2NARY3 S-3TAT-3EME3N For 35decade-3s,4 34Jeff4rey-2 34Eps-4tei-4n and 35his 32co conspirat6ors-2 34recrui-2ted7 34countl-4ess 37y5oung 34wom5e-5n 34to his 142hom8es 141a4cro-2ss 136the 137world 136and 140forced 135them5 141give 139m8assa-3ges 141th3at 142e4scalate-3d5 139sexual5 assa-3ul3t 40Juli5ett-4e 39Bry5ant 42was 40just-4 40one 44of 38m8any 39vict-4im6s 39that-4 40Epstei-4n 40and 39h5is 42co conspirat6ors-2 40recruited4 to be 44of 46thei-4r 51sex tr-3aff5icki-4ng 49o5per-2ation 49when 48she 51was 50young 49wom10an 49Epstei-4n 49off6ere-3d 49to help 7Pla3int-3if6f 13with 8her-2 10dream9 8m8od-4eli-4ng 15in 8New3 10York 10but 8inst-4e4ad 9sexu3all-4y 10abus3ed 10for 11year-3s4 ly 6igno3re 7th3e 5burde7n 4that5 they 107bea3r to3 104prove-2 104such3 105aff5ir-3m8at-7ive 107defense 107th3is 107stage5 105liti-2g5ati-4on Fi4rst cla-3im6s 49tim9ely 57under-2 a 54which p5rovided 54Pl a4in3ti-3ff6 54with 56one4 year-3 the 62ter-4m8ination 61of 56the 62cri-4m8inal-4 59act-3io3n agai-3n 59Epst3ein 62to 61file act-3ion Second are-3 74tim9ely 77under-2 which 70provi-3des rape 73vict im6s wi-4th 74year-3s 70to 76bri-3ng act-3ion 8ag4ainst 9the 7per-2p5etrator-4 hird 10Def4endant-3s 9have 8failed 7to3 5m8eet-3 10thei-4r 13burde-2n 10of 13showing 9that-4 Plai-3nt3iff4 25will 26be 24unab4le 25invoke-2 30equitable 26es3topp3el 22and4 25equita4ble 27tol-3ling 25h5ighl-3y 25fac6tual 25doctrines Final-3ly proc-2edurall-2y im6prope-2r a-2nd ST3ATEME-2NT4 OF FACTS In Juli5ett-4e4 19Bryant was ye4ar 22old3 19aspiring 17m8odel 22li-3ving 21in 21Sou6th3 19Af5ri-3ca 19Co7m3pl 54She 54h5ad 55neve3r 56lef5t 56the 52country5 54but 56d5rea-3m8ed 55of 51becom6ing 55m8odel 52in 56New3 54Yor5k 54City Id One 11day 9sh4e 14m8et Naja 8Hill-3 10Am10eri-4can 8m8odel visi-4ting Sou6th3 10Af5ri-3ca 8who7 10off6ere-3d 10her Plai-3nt3iff4 re-2spect-4fully 4requests-2 oral a4rgum6ent pur-4s4uant t-4o 5Indi-3v5idual-4 Rule Case Document Filed Page of achi-3eve 26h5er 22dre-2am of 26model-4ing 21in 26New3 24York 24City Id That 26m8an 25Jeff4rey-2 24Epstei-4n 24who7 was visi-4ting 6South Af4ri-3ca wit-3h an Am9eri-4can gover-2nm8ent off3i-6cia-3l 5an act o5r a-2nd a com6edia-3n Id Juli-4e4tt-3e4 69agre6ed 70and 70m8et 72Epstei-4n 64and 65his 72high prof6il-3e 70entoura4ge 70at 70resta3ura-2nt Id They 59invi-3ted 57Juli-4ette 60to 61att-4end 60th3e spe3ech 61the 62next 57day 60acco-7m3panie-3d 59by poli-3ce 43e4scort4 Id Epstein tol-3d her th3at 115owned 120m8odeli-4ng 114agency 117and 115could 117get 115agent-3 City bra-2gged 95that Id Because 32of 21his 32c4lea-3r 26po5wer 30and 30rela4ti-3onshi-2p5s 30wi5th 31high profi4le 32ind3ivi-3du5als 28Juliette 30be4li-3eved3 Af5ter-4 29assur-4in3g m8other-4 29that she would 29be 30safe 29with 31him6 34Epstein facilitated4 her travel-2 5to 3New3 York C-2it-3y in3cludi-4n5g by getting 3he pass-2po5rt Id W4hen 150Juli-4ette 150arrive-2d 154York Juli-4e4tt-3e 29and 34to3ld 30that 30s4he 29would 30be 29tr-3ave3li-3ng 30to 33th3e 29Cari-2bbea3n 30with 28Epstein 30on 30his 27private 27plane Id On the flight-3 J4uli-3e4tt-3e fel4t terri-3fied and 4trapped Id Juliette eventua4ll-3y arrive-2d5 at for 50m8assa-3ge Id 44That 46was 49when Epstein began sexua-2ll-3y 44assaulting Juli-4e4tt-3e Id During-6 the 52m8assa-3ges 50would 44touch 49u5se 51m8assa-3ge 50devic-3es 51on 49force 50he4r 46to 51per-2form9 54ora-2l 51s4ex him6 35and rap-7e her-2 Id She 35cri-4ed 34he4rself 37to 33sle-3ep 34e4ach 33night-3 Id For 34year-3s 34Epst3ein 37conti-4nued4 to sexually 106traf3fic 109Juliett5e 109Epst3ein sexua-2lly 108ab4used Juliette duri-3ng5 109each 107visit ho-4m8es i-3ncluding his-2 Ne6w Y4ork 6m8an-5sion Id From7 39the int-3e4rac-3tions 34with 41Epstein5 39were alway3s defined 39his 42power a4nd contr-4o5l im6m8edia-3tel-4y 14in3tr-3oduc4ing 16he4r 16to 15high leve 16gover-2n5m8ent 17o-4ff6ici-4al 17who 12was 14tr-3avel-3ing 16wi5th two 20cel-3eb4rities 20and 20police 19escort an4d 20showing 19h5er 17his privat3e num3ero-2us 19m8ansi-3ons pri-3va4te isl-4and and arg-2e 50sta-3ff that-4 49he 50used 51to 51give 52the 52fal-4se 51im6pre-2ssi-3on 49of 46legi-4tim9acy Id Case Document Filed Page of Epstei-4n5 39pu rposef4ull-3y 39d5isplayed3 39pho5togr-3aphs3 39of 31powerful 39po5li-3tica4l figur4e4s in3 39his 37m8an-5sion 37to show that-4 85was 79well conn4ec3ted 87and4 84powerful Id 84And 82if 78that-4 84was5 84not3 84cle-3a4r 86enoug4h 84Epstein5 speci-4fica4ll-3y5 25to3ld Julie4tt-3e th3at 25plante4d 25drugs-2 25a4nother-4 25g5irl 24w7ho 25accuse 25of 28rap-2e 24a4nd had 24he4r sent-3 4to 6priso5n Id Even 4after 7Juli-4e4tt-3e 5was 4a4ble 7to 6distan4ce 6her-2se3lf 4Epstei-4n 4in he-5 conti-4nued conta-3c4t her-2 24over-2 29the 29and two 24m3onths-2 29before 30his 32de4ath 27asked 29send nude 65photographs Id 64T6he 65experien3ces-2 64Epst3ein 62subj-2ec3ted 67he4r 64left Juliett-4e with eat-3ing disorder debilitating panic attacks anxiet3y and substance a-3buse issues Id Af5ter-4 4decade-3s 5of e-2scapi-4ng 4appr-2opri-3a4te 7punis-2hm8ent 7for 3his 7extr-4aor-2din3arily far reaching a-2nd dist urbing 63c4ri-3m8es 66Epstei-4n 64was 64indi-3c4ted 67in 66July 64on 64one 65count 67of 61sex 66tr-3aff5icki-4ng 59conspi-3racy descr-4ib3ed 50h5ow 47Epstei-4n 49rec-3ruited 51v5ictim6s 50to 50to 51his 52Ne6w 47York 49an 49Flor-2ida 52m8ansi-3ons 50to 51gi3ve him 33m8assa-3ges Indi-3c4tment 29During 31the 32m8assa-3ge and 85scope-2 81physi-2cal-3 79c4ontac-3t 81with 81his 87vi3cti-4m8s 84incl-4ud5e 85a4m3ong 84other-4 79thi-3ngs 85s4ex 80act-3s 85su4ch Id 74After-4wards 74Epstei-4n 74and 75h5is 77assoc-3iates3 74would 74conti-4nue 75to 76contact 76victim6s 75to 76schedul-4e appoint-4m8ents-3 for addit-3io3nal s-3exua3l encounter-3s so3 that-4 he could conti-3nue to abuse them4 Id ssault tes-3tam10ent 17nam7ing 16De-3fe-2ndants-3 14the 12e4xecut-3ors-2 14of 6his 17Estate 9Co-2m8pl 14Tw3o 14days 21lat-4e4r 16Epstein-4 was 79found3 79d-4ead 81in 81his 77jail Id 79His 80last 80will-3 79an 74testam6ent 82was 79filed 81in 81the US3VI on August Id nol3le 12pr4osequi o5rde-2r and 40Judge 41Richar-3d 40B7erm5an 40dis-7m8iss-3ed 40the 37indictm6ent 42on 39Augus-3t Id 39Plai-3nt3iff filed he-2r Co5m3plai-4nt shor5tl th3ere-3afte4r on November Case Document Filed Page of AR4GUME-3NT oti-3on dam7ages 22sh-5ould 21be 20denied factual-3 29m8atter-2 29ac3cepted 24as rue-2 24to 31state 29claim7 29to 31relief 29that 24is 32pl3ausi-3b5le 27on 29face 27claim7 has 66facial-3 64p5lausibility 63when 63the 67plai5nti-3ff6 64plea-3ds 60factual-3 64con4tent 64that 64allo5ws 63the 67cour-2t 61to 66dra-2w Ashcrof-3t 65Iqbal i-3nt3ern-2a4l 23quotation 23m8ar-7ks 24o-4m8it-3ted all-4 25factual-3 all-4eg4ati-4on5s 39the 42com7plai-4nt 36as Kashef BN5P Paribas S.A F.3d 2d Cir-2 Drawing 30rea-3sonab3l ha4t 101the Court s-2houl3d dism5iss punit-3iv3e da3m8ages i-4s pr-2ocedur-3a4ll-3y im6prope-2r a-2nd s4ubst-2antively incorrect-3 I Defendants H-3ave Not 4Met-3 Th3eir-3 5Bu3rden of Proving that-2 Claim-3s Are Un3t im-3e4ly Because t-4he 4sta-3tu3te of lim9it-3ati-4ons i-2s 4an aff4ir-8m8ati-4ve defense efend ant bear-3 the bur5den of-2 provi-3ng 14that5 lai-4nti-3ff 15c4lai-4m are unti-3m8ely See Childer-3s 15New3 14York 14Presby-2teria4n 14Hosp Supp aff5ir-8m8ati-4ve 59defenses 58such 58as 58the 57stat4ute 57of 63li-3m8it-3ati-4ons 59and 59to 58aff5ir-8m8ati-4vely 62plea-3d 60facts3 60in 58avoida-3nc4e Id at i-3nt3ern-2al 147quot3ation 145om8it-3ted appr-2opriate-2 45only 38if 39co4m3plai-4nt 38c4learly-2 40shows 40th3e 39claim7 40is 37out 38of Harris-2 39Cit3y 39of 38New3 40York 2d 101Cir em7o-4nstr-4a4te 102that5 A her-2 189ti-3m8ely 192under-2 N.Y4 a her-2 189tim9ely 192under-7 does 36not 36apply 37to 29cla-3im6s Def4endant-3s 34equitably Case Document Filed Page of est-3opped 24fro6m3 25asse-3rting 24statute-3 25of 28li6m8it-3ati-4ons 24de4fense and the 22lim9it-3ati-4ons 24pe4ri-3od 30for 26bri-3nging her-2 claim7s w-3as equita-2bly 3tol-3led A Un3der N.Y4 a a 49whi5ch4 49all-4owed 48Pla3int-3iff to file-3 he4r c-2o5m3plai-4nt wit-3h5in a ye-3a4r of provi6des W4henever-4 272shown6 274that 274cri5m8inal-4 274act-3io3n 274agai-3ns4t defendant 351been 351co4m3m3enced 352with 351res-3p5ec3t 350ev4ent occur-3rence 4from4 4which 4cla-3im6 ar-7ise-3s the 7plai5nti-3ff6 4shal-3l 6have 6at lea-3s4t one 125ye4ar 127from9 124the 127ter-4m8inat-4ion 121the 127cri-4m8inal-4 124ac3ti-3on in3 whi ch to c-3o5m3m3ence t-4he ci-3vi3l ac-3tion Id Plai-3nt3iff4 84filed 86the 87Co-2m8plai-4nt 86wi5thi-3n 84one 85yea3r 86of 81the 87Indictm6ent her 82cla-3im6s ther-4efore tim9ely De-3fe tar-4ge4ted 167ac3cor-2ding 166Def4endant-3s 170som7e 170separat-2e tr-3aff5icki-4ng5 169operati-2on5 169that 169o5nly invo3lved under-2age3 10girls B7ecaus-3e4 10Plai-3n5ti-3ff6 10all-4eg4es 13s4he 9was 10be4tween 15and 10years when 46Decedent-3 45assa-3u5lt-3ed4 Co-4m8pl 43thi-3s 44action 44and 44the 42Indictm6ent 42neces-3sar-3ily 46arise But 40De fe7ndants-3 40m8ischaracterize a 45th3e 39case traf3ficking 28operati-2on 30th3at 27th3e 29Indi-3c4tm6ent-7 tar-4ge4ted to 23ref5rai-4n 25fro6m8 20filing-2 25m3oti-3on 30to 23d5ism10iss-3 25pri-3or 25disc-3ov5ery-2 Tra nscript 28Pre Motio5n 25Conf5ere-3nc4e-5 at Far5mer 59Indy-2ke 58et 57al 60No cv LGS 58Dkt doctrines-3 25of 33equit-4ab4le 27estoppel 23and4 25eq4uit-3ab4le 27tol-3lin6g 25could 22n5ev4ert-4he4les-3s,4 25sa3ve 24the 27claims 26and 24m8ake them5 94ti-8m8ely 97and that-4 89is 92ver-2y 94fact 95sp4eci-3fic 94or 91ea3rl-3y 94in 91the 97ca3se 96presum4ed 95there 95wil3l 96be 95factua3l Case Document Filed Page of The Indi-3c4tment W7as Not-6 Restr-3icted 4to3 Mino-2rs-2 As 165in3itia3l att-4er 165Indictm6ent 167cove3red-2 165crim8es 166Def4endant-3s 165co4m3m3it-3ted 167ag4ains-3t Plai-3nt3iff4 4notwit-3hsta-3nd5in3g 4the 7fact t-2h5at 7she 6d5id 6no5t 6allege t-3hat she 4was 4a 5ch4il-3d 4when 3th3e4y 4occur-3red Def4endant-3s 40seek 42to 41m8ini-8m8ize-3 39the 42sco-6pe 40of 36the 42ab-5use 41all-4eg4ed 40in 41the 42Indi-3ctm10ent 39foc-2u sing 42on 39its5 patt-4e4rn 61and4 54pra-2ctice3 59was5 59to 56rec-3ruit4 59a4nd 59tr-3aff5ic 62yo5ung fe-2m8ale-3s4 that 59he 60kn5e4w 57he 60could 52exploit the I-4n di3ctm5ent s-3pells out-2 5that-4 pa4tt-3e4rn Age is not-3 t3he deci-4ding 3factor a-3s to w4hethe-3r fem10ale-3 was victim6 34of s4ex traf3ficking 36o5per-2ation and4 the p5atter-2ns4 34of 31rec-3ruitm7ent 37and4 34abus3e 35described in 206the 207Indic5tm6ent And 207the 207fact 205th3at 207m8any 201the 207vict-4ims 204were m8inor-3s 205does 206not 206m8ean non m8inor-3s 19were 18not3 also tr-3aff5icking 20ope4ration he 54Indic5tm6e-5nt m8es 6agai-3ns4t 11youn5g 9wom5en 10over-2 9th3e 10ag4e 10of 9as3 9well Indi-3c4tm6ent-7 id EPS3TEIN 44defendant 43knew 46that-4 cer-2tai-3n 45of 43his 47vic-3tim3s e-7m8phasi-3s 44added The 79fact 75that 79Pla3in3ti-3ff6 79did 81not3 74all-4eg4e 80th3at 77s4he 80was 79m8inor-3 81th3e 75tim9e 80that-4 79she3 ari-4se 26from9 24the 27act-3s 25d5escribed 27in 21the 22Indi-3c4tm6ent 24Plai-3nt3iff4 24th ere-3fore 24had 25o5ne 25year-3 24fro6m3 24August of the age y-6ou ar-2e now 3or whatever-3 age you were-2 then sdny/-2p5r/-3jef5frey eps3tei-4n char-3g5ed m8anhat-3tan federal court sex tr-3aff5ick ing m8inor-3s 2(las-3t 3visi-4ted Ma5rch e-2m8phasi-3s adde-2d Case Document Filed Page of 29the 32da4te 32on 29which 25Judge 31Berman 28for-3m8all-4y 29dism5iss-3ed 30the 32Indi-3c4tm6ent 32to 31file 31the 27Co-2m8plai-4nt.3 Having file-2d5 sui-2t on Nov7em7ber-2 her-2 clai4m8s 5fall well-4 5withi-3n th3at li3m8it-3ati-4ons pe3ri-3od Concern the Sam8e Sex Traff4icki-4ng Operatio4n that-4 5the Indi-3c4tm6ent Concer-4ned Even 39if 38the 42Indictm6ent 42was for 38som7e 45rea-3son See3 9Kashef York 24appel-3late 25cou4rt-3 24ex4pli-3c4it-3ly3 24rejec3ted 27the 22theor5y 24that-4 19the 27to3lling 25provisions 22of 21CP3LR 24a4re excl-3us4ivel-4y 40for 41the 37benefi4t 38of 43th 4where t-3he 5Indictm6ent 7it-3s4elf 4describes-3 4a 5p5atte4rn of a-2buse agai-3ns4t 131num3ero-2us 130vi3cti-4m8s 130spanni-3ng 130num8ber-2 131year-3s 129Eps5tei-4n 124rep-2ea3ted 127the 132sam6e 130patt-4e4rns-2 rec-3ruitm7ent 37and 35abuse-2 29tim9e 35and 35agai-3n 34on 34co4untl-3ess youn5g fe-2m8ale-3s 35in3cludi-4ng 34Pl4a4int-3iff4 See e.g victim6s 4T-3he 5Indi-3ctm5ent 7was 4ther-4e4fore 4not 6li-3m8i-6ted 7to 6neatly4 4cat-3egorized e-2vents-3 4that-4 happened-2 4on speci-4fied 25d5ates it covered 24sp4rawling 25sex ted a-3n unspecif3ied num5ber-2 4of victi-3m8s Id nt3ion 184the 192Indictm6ent 192does 191not concern 189the 192sam6e 190sex traf3ficking3 The 25sex tr-3aff5icki-4ng 25oper-2ation that the 87Indictm6ent 87descri bed4 84is 87precis3ely 82the 87sam6e 85se3x tr-3aff5icki-4ng5 84oper-2ation 84th3at 87Pla3intiff 84was int-3o 69Just-3 70the 72Indi-3c4tm11ent 72all-4eged 71that-4 69Epstein 69enti-4c4ed 70and 70rec-3ruited3 69fe-2m8ale-3s 70to 76engage 72in 71se3x act-3s 59wi5t 60in 53m8ult-3ipl-3e 59locations 60Indi ctm5ent Epstei-4n5 n5ti-3ced3 60and 59rec6rui-3te 60Pla3intiff5 to 58engage in 46sex 46act-3s 40wit 44him 43in New3 the US3VI 49Franc-2e Flor-2id3a and 45New3 49Mexi-3co 44Com5pl 101the 107Indictm6ent 107alleges 102th3at 107the 102abus3e 105would 104sta-3rt 103out 106with 105victim6 104p-4erform6ing Case Document Filed Page of m8assa-3ge 45on 44Epstei-4n 39In S6ara-3h 44Kel4len sent-3 44he4r m8assa-3ge 19Ep-3ste-3in 20The 20Indi-3c4tm6ent 17all-4ege3s 19that-4 20E6pste-3in 18woul5d 20esca-3late 19th3e 19natur-4e 19and4 scope-2 64of 61physi-2ca3l 66contact 66duri-3ng 59th3e 65m8assa-3ges 66to 66incl-4ud5e 65s4ex 65act-3s su4ch4 64as 66gropi-3ng a nd 64touchi-4n5g-4 victim6s 34with 33sex 38toys m8assa-3ges t-3o inc lude touching her and4 us ing m8assa-3ge devi-3ces-2 o5n her-2 am7on-4g othe-2r t-3h5ing3s Com5pl.-6 And 12fi-3nal ly 8just 9Epstei-4n o5r 13his 7em7p loyee-3s would 10co4ntac-3t 8v5ictims to 8schedul5e 9their retur3n to 71his 72hom8e for 68addit-4ion3al 72sexual 69en4counte-3rs-2 64In dict-4m8ent 69Epstei-4n c4ontac-3ted 67Pla3int-3iff4 ti-3m8es 71to 71arrange 71for 68her 67to 71tr-3ave3l 71ba4ck 70to 71the 72United 72Sta3tes-3 64for 68sex 69Co-2m3pl 69The 69conduct-3 all-4eg4ed i th3e I-2ndictm8ent i-4s pr-2ec3isely 4the c-3onduc4t 3all-4eg4ed in t-4h5e Co-3m8plai-4nt3 a Fai)3l Def4endant-3s 39seek 37to 38adv4a4nce 39straine6d 40int-3e4rpr-3e4tati3on 40of a req-2uirem8ent 142asse-3rting th3at thi-3s 140Cour5t 141m8ust avai-3labil3it-3y 171the 171comm10it-3ted 172agai-3ns4t 171the 167speci-4fic 169v5ictim6s 170ident-4if6ied 171the 167Indi-3c4tm6ent But is 24rem5edia-3l 18m8eas-2ure 22intend5ed 20allevia6te 17v5ictim6s 19of 18crim8e the 7strict-4 4an4d 4arb-2itrar-3y 4n5atur-4e 5of t-3he 5sta-3tu3te 7of l-3im11it-3ati-4ons 5and 5to 11m8ake 4eas-2ier 4for 3such 6vict-4im6s 5to obtai-4n 34civil 36red-2ress 39for 38th3e 40crim8inal-4 39wrongs 40that they 42have3 39e4ndure-2d La6Rocca 40Co7ll-3en 35IP 39No Civ 55at S.D.N3.Y 52May are 56inst-4ructed4 to 8give 7broa7d 10and 9li-3be4ral 10const-3ructio3n 10to 8rem5edia-3l 8statute-3s Id na4rr-3ow int-3e4rpr-3e4tatio3n 20of 3a would 25frustr-3ate 21the 22Legisl-4a4tur-3e 19goal 17of 18m8a-5king 20ea3sier 19for 21vict-4im6s of crim6es t-3o obta-2in civil r4edr-2ess for t-3h5e cr im6inal-4 wrongs that they have end3ure-2d I Furt-2her-2 he4 29cas-2es3 34that 34D7efendants 37c4ite to3 34narrow are 28in3apposi-3te he-5 cri-4m8inal-4 19acti4ons 20in those-3 14cas-2es focuse5d 19on cri-4m8es 26that-4 19occu3rr-3e4d on 19speci-4fied 19date-3s and4 19both 21cas-2es3 with 171the 172ev4ents-3 166these 169specific 168day See Christ-3odou5lou 170Terdeman 2d Case Document Filed Page of crim6inal-4 9p5ros-2ecution 10a4gains-3t 6defe ndant 12comm10e-5nced 11only 6in3 9connectio3n5 with 3events 10on two 5specif3ic days Galli-3na 4Tha6tche-3r No Mis-3c 4LEX4IS 10at Sup 9Ct 10Oct pl-3a4intiff5 5sued 8for 11assa-3ult-3 10and 9ba4ttery 8that 10occ3urr-3ed 9ove4r 8th3e ents-3 44occu3rri4ng 44on 44thr-3ee 0C 44contrast-3 39th3e 45Indictm6ent 47in 46th3is 47c4ase 42was 44not 41li-3m3it-3ed 40to 40spe3cific 47day 30the 37Indi-3c4tm6ent 27char-3ged 29Eps5tein 30with3 30con4spir-4acy3 30and a 25broa-2d 24sex tr-3aff5icki-4ng 24s4chem6e 30while 27the 27cri-4m8inal-4 24actions Christ-3odoulou and Gallina char-3ged4 the de-3fenda6nts wi-2th cri3m8es s-2te-7m3m8i-6ng fro-3m8 isol-4ate-3d in3cide-3n5ts Kashef controls 277and 280de4m3onst-2rat-4e4s a h5ere-3 In Kashef being 47comm10it-3ted 52in 51Sudan 49and 50of 46the 52conse-2quenc3e4s4 Kash6ef 99at 99The5 99plai-4n5ti-3ff6s Sudanese-2 4vi3cti-4m8s 5of 6m8a-5ss 6rap-2e tort3ure-2 4d elibera6te 7infection with 6HIV a-3nd 4other-4 4a4trocities-2 4filed3 4a com7plai-4nt 3a4gains-3t 3BN4PP 7withi-3n 5a 4y5ear-3 5of 8the 7ju3dg-4m8ent of5 5convic-3tion 6c4ontendi-4ng 10th3at the4ir-3 10claims-3 were 26ti-3m8ely 22under-2 a Id 24at 24BN4PP 22att-4em7pt-6ed 25to 26arg-2u5e sim5il-3ar 27to th3at in 36the 37proce6edings-3 34surro5unding Def4endant-3s 30als-3o McE3ll-3igo3tt-3 35City 36New3 34Y6ork 34No 29CIV L4GS3 25at S.D.N3.Y 22Dec 25but3 25that 25c4ase 27is 27inapplic-2able 26bec3au4se 23it 26h5inged 27on 25whethe3r the de-3fenda6nt i-3n th3e ci-3v5il action was 5the s-3am7e def-3endant-3 cha3rged in the-2 5crim8inal-4 act-3io3n Case Document Filed Page of Appell-2e4es Kashe BNP4 Paribas-2 S.A No Cir Aug Dkt The ou5rt-3 5ther-4efore4 5held t-4h5at the4 victim6s 61those-3 64hum8an-5it-3a4ri-3an 65vio3lations-2 64cou4ld 66bri-3ng 64tim9ely 67cla-3im6s 65under-2 4a Id That-6 conspi-3racy 16like 15the 12one 15was 14broad 17schem5e 9spanni-3ng 15year-3s 14rat5her-2 15than 19single 14eve3n5t s-2uch 50as 46an 45assa-3ul3t 51on 45speci-4fied 49da4te 49Ju4st rel-4ev4ant 32eve3nt 31or 31occurr4ence 32in Kashef traf3ficking 31schem5e-5 29is 32the 32even3t a Def4endant-3s att-4em7pt 6to 6dist-4inguish Kashef he 5civil an4d 4cri-4m8inal-4 4act-3ions 7in 6that 4cas-2e 5both3 aro-2se 18ou5t 18of 28the 17sam6e 19co4nspi-2rac-3y5 20betw4een 18BN4P 21and 19Sudan to 23viol-3a4te 25sanctions at 39bu5t 41th3at 42fact4 39only 36highl-3igh3ts K7as hef act-3ion3 79and 79cri-4m8inal-4 79a4c4ti-3on 79a4ri-3s4ing 79the 82sa3m8e 80conspi-3rac-3y Def4endant-3s 80hav4e 80failed 77to 81m8eet the I-4nd5ict-4m8ent a-3nd there4fore tha-2t a doe4s not-2 apply t5o her-2 claim7s which provides t-3h5at Notwiths-2tanding 14any 15other-4 14forth 15in 16thi-3s 15article civil 16claim7s 20or 16cause-3s 15of 11act-3ion 16b5rough3t 16by 14any 15per-2son 15for 13physi-2ca3l,3 psychol-3ogi3c4al 62or 61o5ther 59in3jur-3y 59or 56con4dit-3ion 56suff5ere-3d 59by 59such 56per-2son Def4endant-3s 180arg-2ue 180that 184cons3tr-3uc4ti-3on a 183would 184m8ake B-2ut 66Plai-3n5ti-3ff6 64does 66not 66ask3 64the 67Court disr-4ega3rd 48th3e lim9it-3ati-4on 45Ra6ther-4 50she 43con4tends-3 50that-4 50th3e in 11th3is 12ca3se 11is 7a 10sex traf3ficking 11sch3eme 8not 6t he 10ab4use 11of 6a 10deli5neat-3ed 10v5icti3m3 9and 10that-4 4becaus-3e was a vi-2ctim3 of that se-3x traf3ficking schem8e her-3 cla-3im6s ar-3ise-3 fr6o-4m8 it-3 Case Document Filed Page of as 29re su4lt 26of 28conduct 26whi5ch 24would 25co4nsti-4tu3te 30in 23th3e 24first 26d5egr-2ee3 as 38defined4 40section 40of 43the 37p5e4nal 42law 45m8ay 39be 39brought-3 withi-3n twen4ty3 year-3s N.Y4 Plai-3nt3iff4 15all-4e4ges 13that-4 15Eps5tein 15sexuall 20assa-3ul3ted he4r m8ult-3ipl-3e 14tim9es withi-3n5 25year-3s 24of 28the 22filing-2 25of 28t-6his 22lawsui-3t 28and 24that-4 25the 27assa-3ul3t con4sti-4tu3ted 22one 24or 25sex 23cri-4m8es 23li-3ste-3d in o-4m8pl Her cl-3aim5s ar-3e therefore tim7ely unde-3r Def4endant-3s 110conte-3nd 109that5 109the year 108sta-3tute 106li-3m8it-3ati-4ons does 1not 1apply was 34ado4pted 34and 35does 36n5ot 36apply 32retr3oact-3iv3ely at 99But 99New3 99Yor-4k req-2uisite 62intent 66to 66give 67retroacti-2v5e 65eff5ect-3 64to 66new 63laws 66aff5ect-3in3g 64per-2iods 61li-8m8it-3ati-4on Mc-2Guirk City 12S5ch 5Dist-2 9of3 9Alba4ny 9Using4 9those-3 4tools 4New3 9York-4 cour-2ts 122hav4e 115held 122that 119ce3rt-3a4in 121am7end-5m8ents-3 121li-3m8it-3ati-4ons 120pe4ri-3ods app4ly 121ret-4roact4ivel-4y5 See Me-2egan 29Donald N.Y he 15text-4 14and 15legislati-2v5e 15hi3stor-4y 14of dem7on-4str-4a4te it-3 166ap4ply 166retroa-2c4tively of 6sil-4enc3e 5th3at 12p5rev-2ent 5victim6s 9speaki-4ng 9out 9Ove6r 6th3e 10last 9v5ictim6s 10who 7have 11suff5ered-3 N.Y4 S.B3 55No 55Le5gis 52Sess.3 J-2u5ne ictim6s 99have 99pre-2vented-3 with a-2nother5 per-2son b6y for cibl-4e 4com7pulsi-4on N.Y4 Penal Law Case Document Filed Page of victim6s 4li-3ke 4Plai-3nt3iff4 5In light-2 5of 8the 7legislati-2v5e 4go5als-3 5behind 7th3e 4am7end-5m8en-5t 3to 10the C4ourt-8 In 81re 86Gleason Michael-4 84Vee 85Ltd In-6 citing N.Y4 219Law for 220propos-2iti o5n 219that 219sta tutes 220are 218cons3trued 216app4lyi-3ng 219on5ly pros-2pective3ly3 129Def4endant-3s 130wholly 126ig3nore-2 const-3itute3 20exception 20the 17g5ener-3a4l 18rule 25that 20statutes 20are 21no5t The 39pri-3m8ary-2 39the 37De6fendants 41c4ite also recog6nize-3s that rem10edia-3l statu4tes are 38given 37retroa-2c4ti-3v5e eff5ect-3 See Gleaso3n 195Holman 197Contract-3 194War-2ehousi-3n5g 194Inc Sup.4 recognizing whe6ther statute-3 is im6pact-3 Legisl-4a4ti-3ve 45hist-4ory 51e4stablis-3hes 46that-4 44the 52am7end-5m3ent 52to was 49rem5e-5dial-4 49in 51na4ture it exte-3nded 20the 22sta-3tu3te 27of 21lim9it-3ati-4ons 25for 23cert ain 22sex3ual 27off6enses-3 24in 26orde-2r 21to 26c4orr-3ec3t 26the 22in3just-4ice 23th3at the 32sho4rt-3e4r 26lim9it-3ati-4ons 30pe4ri-3od 24im6posed 31on 29victim6s See3 29Coffm5an 30Cof5fman om8it-3ted s4ee 166a5lso Me-2egan 45at finding 47that 45am7end-5m8ent 42exte-3n5ding 43statu4te 47of 48li-3m8it-3ati-4on5s 44in 43p5aternit5y suit-4s4 524was 519rem5edia-3l 526le7gisl-4a4ti-3on5 rnor cuo4m3o joi-3ned lea-3de4rs ti-3m8es m8ove-5m8ent signs legislati-2on exte-3nd5ing rape s4tatute last 2visited rem5edia-3l 8statute-3s 9a4re 7con4cer-3ned 9th3e 9c4ourt-3 hould 13consi-3der-2 15the 12m8isc-3hief 10sou-5ght 8to 8be 9rem10edie-3d Burrows5 Case Document Filed Page of Bd 6of 3As5s4essor-3s 9for T8own 7of 3Chat5ham m8ark-2s 80and a4ti-3ons 80om8it-3ted N.Y 79The 79rem5edia-3l 81purpos-2e 80of am7end-5m8ent 12to 20cor-2rect4 20the 22inj-3us4ti-3c4e 19of 28provi-3ding3 rape 21victim6s who 22were 18pre7vente-3d 20from4 speaki-4ng5 39ou5t 41with3 39only3 39five 39ye4ars 34bri-3ng 34acti on5s 40would 34under-2m8ined 42if 38the 37am7end-5m8ent 42were-6 N.Y4 Doe-3s Not Ap3ply t-2o By 7it-3s xpress 9ter-4m8s only 11applie4s to3 a 70cause-3 69of 71act-3ion 71a4ccr-3u5ing 71without-3 64the 72state arg-2um8ent does not ap ply t-3o o5r Stat-3uto3ry I-3n5terpretation 5Precl-4udes 3th Appli-2ca3ti-3o5n of Under 4pri-3nc4ip3les-3 5of 8statutory 5interpret3ati-4on does 3not 3app4ly I 5both a 10and incl-4uded 115lan7guage 114e4xpli-3c4it-3l 114pre7clude-3s 115appli-4c4ati5on 114Secti-4on a 114s4peci-3fica4ll-3y notwit-3hs4tan3ding 53that-3 55the 57ti-3me 56in 53which 54to 53comm3en-5ce 53such 53acti-4o5n 55has 54alre-3ady 54expi-3red Em7phasi-3s4 added 124Th6at 122the 127Leg5islature 120int-3en4ded 124aff5ord 126plainti-3ff6s 120the 127ab4ilit-2y 124purs-2ue4 124civil 121actions connection 106with 105pros-2e4cute-3d 104even 103the 107sta-3tute 101li-3m8it-3ati-4ons 104expir-4ed 102cle-3ar unam7biguou-6s 25and 25the 27Court 26need 24no 24further-3 24to ind 26that-4 a 24pre-2cludes 24the 22appli-4c4ati-4on5 of 60Stat-3 59Law ss plai-4n5ly 176c4learly-2 174di3stinctly 170legisl-2a4ti-3ve4 174in3tent 169res-3ort 175not 175had 176oth3er 177m8eans see 42a5lso Clemens Nealon citi-3ng5 Law and finding t-3ha4t is 5cle-3a4r a-2nd un5am7biguous-2 Sim7il-3arl-4y p5rovides 80that 79v5ictim6s 80of 76cer-3tain 79crim8inal-4 74sex ual 77acts 74have otwit-3hstanding any4 14other-3 14li-3mi5tation and Case Document Filed Page of is 115li-3m8it-3ati5on 119for6th3 121Art3icle Em7phasi-3s 120added3 114Under 120the 122u5nam7biguous-7 119langua-3ge4 a 9and would 14otherwise 16ren-2de4r under-2 5the stat-3u5te of lim9it-3ati-4ons of another-3 5juris3diction Plai-3nt3iff Secti-4on wi5th3out Def4endant-3s 24wholly 23ign3ore-2 the 12conc3ept 17of 18accr-4ual 17a4nd 15arg-2ue 19that 15because 15Pl4aintiff4 15was 15sexua-2ll-3y 20assault-2ed 19in 15plac-3es,3 15her cla-3im6s 110m8ust 107fall 106withi-3n 99the 107li-3m8it-3atio5ns 105per-2iods 101the 107jur-3isdictions 106which Epstei-4n 104ev4er har-2m8ed when based 52on 55the 47m8u-4lt-3ip3le 52assa-3u5lts Plai-3nt3iff suff5ere-3d 49in 51th3e 50state 51of 41New3 49York See 50Uni5ted Stat-3es 21m8any 20ti-3m8es 21to 21see 22Epstei-4n 19and4 19be 20subj-2ect-3e4d 19to 21rep-2eat-3e4d 19sexua-2l 21abu4se 21for 18one 20to 21two 0C A7nd 40as 43to 38th3e 39in3sta-3nces 42where 38Pl4aintiff4 was 84rap-2ed 86abuse-2d 79in 81other-4 79locations 83those-3 79crim8e sti-4ll-3 84a4cc3rue-2d 84inside 80th3e 85state 80they were3 planne-3d and4 129ini-3tia5ted tr-3aff5icki-4n5g5 conspi-3racy For exam6ple Eps-2tei-4n an4d his 2co con4spir-4a4tor-3s 4lured Plai-3nt3iff4 to New Y3ork-6 and it-4 was5 fro-3m8 24New3 19Yor-4k 19tha 21Eps5tei-4n 19sen3t 21Pla3int-3iff4 19to 21other 19loca-3tions 19be 20abuse-2d ee 21id id co W9hen the-3 Cau6se of A3cti-4on Accrued Is-2 5a Fact-3ua4l Is-2sue Final-3ly,3 does 66no5t 61apply 62if 63the 62plai-4n5ti-3ff6 64is 64New3 64York 59res-3ident an4d 64the 62contro5ll-3ing3 the 52date 48on 44which 50the 52a4cti-4on 49was 44co4m3m3enced See De6Mar-2ti-3no5 45River-3a Case Document Filed Page of he 110dete-3rm11inat-4ion 1of 106whether-3 109York 109res-3ident 109for purpos-2es 26of 16CP3LR 24tur-3ns 24whether 23she4 24has 20signi-4fic5a4nt 26conne3cti-4o5n 24with 24locality An6ton3e 24Gen 26Mot-3ors 23Corp N.Y T-3he 24Co-2m8plai-4nt alleges 22that5 Plai-3nt3iff wa-3s a 34New3 35York 35res-3ident 33a4ll 36relevan3t 33ti6m8es 33as 33she had always 37wanted 33to 38live 35in 33New3 35York co conspirat6ors-2 50got3 50Pla3in3ti-3ff6 49visa 51so 54that-4 55she 48cou4ld3 50tr-3av4el 52to 48N7ew 51York 50often 50and 49whe6n 50she 48v5isited Co-2m3pl consi-3dered 128m8eet-3ing 136Epstei-4n 130am7a-5zing 137oppor3tu3nit-3y 134bec3au4se odeli-4ng 134City 136had her-2 20th3at 22Juliett-4e4 20would 19safe 20with3 W9hethe-3r Plai-3nt3iff4 20can 18est-3ab4li-3sh4 20th3at she 16was 9a 15N7ew 13York 14res6ident 14at 12the 12tim9e 14cause 13of 11action 10a4ccr-3ued4 14is 15f8act-3ua4l 16issue.5 14In 11fact,4 14in each 27of 21the 22cas-2es 26Def4endant-3s 25cite 24conte-3nding 21that-4 24Pla3intiff5 24was 24not 25New3 24York 24res-3ident-4 a4t 26the ti-3m8e 35cause-3 35of 38act-3ion 38accr-4ued t-3w7o 35of 38which 33not addr-2e4s4s 33the 37res-3idency 36de4ter-4m8inat-4ion was 199m8ade 201after 202fact fin6ding 199iss-3ue See3 199Antone he-2a4ring 198held on5 res-3idence Siegf-4r4ied 20Siegf-4r4ied in 23conne3ctio5n 25with 23m8oti-3o5n 25to 28tr-3an4sfer 29venue Ham4merman 24Louis 28Wat-3c4h 25Co r-3e4lyi-3ng 5on aff5idavi-4ts in connection w5it-3h m8oti-3on to t-3ransf4er 2venue Defendants Have Not Met Their B4urden of Proving that-2 Plai-2nt4if-3f Cann4ot I-2nvok-2e Equ3it-3a5ble Est-2oppel Even 133the 137Court 136were old 136that5 a do 134not 136apply or 6that-4 4does it-3 4shoul-2d 4hol3d 4that-4 4they 7a4re 7still-3 4tim9ely 7under-2 4the 7doctrine 7of8 equit-4ab4le 42estoppel 39The 44Co-2m8plai-4nt 41all-4ege3s 40in 41deta il-3 39the 42m8ethods-3 39of 36int-3i-6m3idation 41and 40contr-4o5l 41that5 Jeff4rey-2 74Epstei-4n 74and 75h5is 72co conspirat6ors-2 74used 71to 71dete-3r 71their 76v5ictim6s 79seeki-4ng 69justi3ce 74and 75th3e Case Document Filed Page of scar-4e 19tactic-3s 19that-4 15he 14us4ed 19on 15Plai-3nt3iff did 13not 13take 21act-3ion 13un5til after she 23kne4w 27that-4 25Epstein 25was 25dead 23and 24ti-3m8ely 22fi-3led 25c4laim3 25appr-2oximatel-4y 25th3ree-3 30m3onths-2 long 41had 40the 37power 40both 41at 42law 40and 35equit-4y 39to 41ba4r 41the 42asserti5on 39of 36the 42affir-3m8ati-4ve 40defense 40of 36the a 20caref3ully 18concealed3 cri-4m8e 85her-2e which 85produ3ced 86the 82lo3ng dela-3y 84be4tw5een 86the 87ac3cru-2al 87of 81th3e 80cause-3 84of 81action 85and 85th3e Gen 63Stenc-3il-3s 65Chiappa N.Y A de6fendant i-2s 4th3ere-3fore equ4itably e-2s4topped f5ro-6m8 ass-2erting a sta3tute5 of lim7it-3ati-4o5ns defense rai-4n 20ti-3m8ely 17c-5o-4m3m8enci-3ng 20an 19act-3ion 18by deception 106c4onceal-4m8ent 107thr-3ea3ts or 100other-3 104misco3nduct Fu6nk 105Belnef5tek-3him CV BMC 5W9L at July citation om6it-3ted e-2m8phasi-3s adde-2d in 9favor 9Plai-3nti-3ff6 9has 11suff5ici-4ently 9plea-3ded 10m3isc-3onduc4t 11that-4 9shoul-2d 9eq4uit-3ab4ly 11est-3o5p 9Def4endant-3s-5 fro-3m8 174asse-3rti4ng 175statute6 171li-3m8it-3ati-4o5ns 175defense Plai-3n5ti-3ff6 was 174terr3ified 171disob-2eying 172Epstei-4n Co-2m8pl by 45Epstei-4n5 beyond 55tr-3yi3ng 54to 56keep 56in3to 56conta-3c4t 51with 54is 57in3cor-2rect E6pste-3in e4xpressly to3ld 56Pla3int-3iff4 54that-4 54he ha a rap-2e 105victim sent to 106pri-3son Com5pl Epstei-4n also flaunted 107his connections 72to 76powerfu 71gover-2nm8ent 77off6ici-4als-3 introduced 77h5er 72to 75high3 74g5over-2nm8ent 77off6ici-4al two 35cel-3eb4ri-3ti6es 33while 32ac3c4o-4m8panie-3d 35by 34poli-3ce 38es3cor-2t kep4t 33nu5de 34photogr-3a4phs of her-2 35and 34conti-4nue4d to har-4as3s her via e-2m8ail-4 up unti-3l h3e died Co-2m8pl equit-4ab4le 22estoppel 21theor-4y5 19at 22thi-3s 20early4 19sta-3ge 20of 16the 22li-3ti-3g5ati-4on And 17even 21if 23they 22were 21not 21Plai-3nt3iff4 Case Document Filed Page of aff5ir-3m8ati-4vely 32p5lea-3d 29fact4s 29avoida-3nc4e defense Ch-2il-3ders 16Supp 15at i-3nterna4l 13quotation 13m8ark-2s 14and 14cit-4ation 15om8it-3ted Kosakow New3 34Rochell-4e 35Radiol-2og5y 35Assocs-2 34Cir 34Courts-2 34applyi-4ng York 25law 24have 23ther-4efor5e 24res-3erved 26the 27highl-3y 25factu4al 22iss-3u5e 24of 28equit-4ab4le 22es3to3ppel 22for 26afte4r 23disc-3ove4ry See 6e.g Go7tl-3in 7Leder3man 4No CV ILG4 4W4L 4at 7Apr the c-3ases-3 on equitable-3 est-3opp5e4l per-4m8it-3 plainti-3ff6s to d-2efe-3at 4m8oti-3on-4 m8an beh ind 49tr-3ans3contin5enta-3l 48s4ex tr-3a4ff6icki-4ng 50oper-2ation 50who m8anipul-4ated and 49assa-3u5lt-3ed he4r and4 countl-4e4ss 41ot3her-2 39victim6s for 38year-3s speci-4fic5all5y 39tol-3d 34th3at 42he 40could 37have 41his 42ac3c4user-3s 40sen3t jail in)4tr-3o5duced her-4 5to3 a form8er 2gover-2nm8ent of-4ficial-4 5and tw4o cel-3eb4ritie-3s4 5the ve-3ry f6ir-3s4t 3ti-3m8e the-3y-4 m8et 407and 403used3 404po5wer 404escape 404puni3sh4m8ent 407for 403cri-4m8es 406comm10it-3ted 407over 402decades factual-3 20iss-3ue4 15that-4 20shoul-2d 20be deci-3d5ed a4fter disc-3ov5ery 17not 13by 15De6fendants Def4endant-3s 14ha4ve 14failed m8eet-3 thei-4r burden of3 prov3ing t-3ha4t Pl-2a4int-3iff4 can prove no se3t o3f f6act-3s dem6o-4nstr-4a4ti-3ng h5er entitle-2m8ent to equita-2bly 3est-3opping D5efendants fr3o-4m8 ass-2erting3 a st-3a4tut-3e of 7li-3m8it-3ati-4ons d4efense Defendants Have Not Met Their B4urden of Provi-2ng that Pl-2aintiff-3 Cann4ot I-2nvok-2e Equ3it-3a5ble Toll-3ing W9hil-3e 40equit5able ocuse-2s 39on 40the 37plai-4nt3iff Fl4ight-3 19Sc4i 16Inc 20Cathay4 14Pac 19Airway4s 20Ltd 19Supp Case Document Filed Page of i-3nt3ern-2a4l 33quotation m3ark-2s and 34cita4ti-3ons 34om8it-3ted co-5m8pell-4in3g 304cir-4cum7sta-3nces just-4ifying eq4uit-3ab4le 42tol-3li6ng 44is 42incorrect m8ay 415su-5ff6ici-4ent 411const-3itute 411e4xtr-3aor-2d5inary5 414cir-4cum7sta-3n5ces-2 414warrant4ing 416equitab4le 417to3ll-3ing Davis 54J-5ackson 55No cv 69at S.D.N3.Y 67Sept In Davis he 65c4ourt-3 69reasone4d 69that-4 69fea6r ret-4a4l usta-3in3ed 24contr-4ol 23tends res-3ul3t 131ad4ver-2se 131psych3ologi-3ca3l 131eff5ect-3s 130th3at 127inv3ari-4ab4ly 131have3 129behavi-3oral 124conse-2quences and 130that5 fear 15of 11reta4li-3a4ti-3on is5 natural 12con4seque-2nce of 11thi-3s 15un5ique psychol-3og5ical 15env4ir-3onm8ent Id at i-3nt3ern-2a4l quot-3a4ti-3on 5m8ark-2s o-5m8it-3ted 4an4d 4int-3im6idat-4in3g 4his 7victi3m8s cause-3d 4sim10il-3ar-7 psychol-3ogi3c4al 102eff5ect-3s4 99his 97countle4ss 101victim6s a4s 100described 92in Davis 94And 97Plai-3nt3iff4 99all-4ege3s such eff5ect-3s 19on 25Co-2m8pl The ourt-3 69s4hould 71therefore 70extend 68e4quit-3ab4le o5lling 70to 66rea-3ch4 69fear 70of 66ret-4a4li-3a4ti-3on 64in 71th3e 70conte-3x5t un5pre-2cedented abuse-2 of and contr-2o5l over his vi-4c4ti-3m8s inc-3lud3ing Plaintiff6 hen 260plai-4nt3iff4s 260rai-4se 259equit-4ab4le 257tol-3ling6 arg-2um8ent 115cour-2t 1m8ust 117deny tion 116d5ism5iss-3 114based 115statute 1li-3m8it-3ations 110unles-3s asse-3rtions 53of 58the 52com7plai-4nt 53as 53rea-3d 55with 53req-2u5ir-3ed 54liberality 56would 55not 55the 52plaint3iff4s 54to 53prove-2 In 20Afri-3can 14Apa6rthe-3id3 15Litig Supp6 2d S.D.N3.Y i-3nt3ernal 25quotation 26m8ark-2s 25o-4m8it-3ted to 156dism5iss-3 154and 156proc-2e4ed 156disc-3o5ver-2y 154the 152iss-3ue 151equit-4ab4le 157to3ll-3in3g See Brown Parkches-3ter6 89Condo 89Cir evide-3nt3iary 89hear-3ing 91a4ppropr-3iate Case Document Filed Page of dete-3rm6ine whether-3 39li-3m8it-3ati-4ons 45pe4ri-3o5d 44was 44equit-4a4bly 46tolled Guobadia 45Ir-2owa 43Supp E.D.N3.Y is 29quest-3ion 31ap4propr-3iate4ly 31reserved 32for 30jur-3y genuine 26issues 24of 28m8at-7eri-4a4l 23fact Def endant-3s are-3 25not 23fac6tfinder-3s 24in 28thi-3s 29cas-2e 24and 24c4an4not 23deci-3d5e4 warr-2ant 17tolling 15They ha4ve 14failed 17to 15thei-4r 13b5urde-2n 15of 18proving 16that 15Pl4a4int-3iff4 15can 13p5rove 17no 15se3t 13of facts dem5on-4str-4a4ti-3ng en tit4lem5ent t-4o equit-4ab4le t-4o5llin4g II Th3e Court Should D3en-4y the Damages is 67incorrect 64Not 64only 64such 66dam7a-5ges 66available 64they warr-2anted in3 64thi-3s 65cas-2e 59Beyond 63the itive3 15dam7ages that on own 42warr-2ants it-3s 45den4ial under-2 New3 44York 44choic-3e of law princip3les-3 44the 42law 45of 41the USVI appli-4e4s4 to 48the 52iss-3ue punit-3ive 47da4m8ages Und-2er US3VI law 49cour-2t m8ay all-4ow 52for 51pu5nit-3iv3e 49dam7a-5ges 48agai-3n5st the es5tate 4of 4deceased 9to3rt-3feasor 5es3p eci-3a4ll-3y 5whe6n 5that 5to3rt-3fea6sor-2 went 9to 8gre-2at 7length5s duri-3ng5 5his li-3fe to avo4id 3punis-2hm8ent for causi-3ng i3m3m3eas-2ura-2bl3e har-3m8 to count-4les-3s v4icti3m8s A Mot-2ion 4to D5ism-4iss-3 Pu7nit-2ive Damages is Proc4edurall-3y Im-2proper As 21an 19initial 20the 22Court 18should 22not 18dec3ide 22whether-3 20pun5it-3iv3e 19dam7ages 25availab3le thi-3s 25ea3rl-3y 24sta6ge m3oti-3on 24to 26dism5iss-3 29is 27not 26the 27proper 24vehicle 21for 23dete-3rm6i-6ning 26the 27ava3il-3ab4il-3ity 23of punit-3iv3e 29da4m8ages Rule allows a 29defendant 28to 28file a 5claim7 4upo-4n 4which 5reli3ef 2can 6be 5granted Fed5 4R 2Civ 4P Accordi-3ng5ly m8oti-3on not 91to 90for6m8 86da-5m8ag-5es Jone3s 90City 91N7ew 88York 89No CV VSB3 20at S.D.N3.Y inter-3na4l 18quot3ati-4on 20m8ark-2s o-4m8it-3ted dem7a-5nd for 58punitive 61dam7ages-7 does 13not3 15rela4te to 13whethe3r 13Pla3intiff5 15has 13failed to3 15state c4lai-4m8 15for 16ba4tt-3e4ry 13or 18int enti-4on5al 17in3flict-3ion3 Case Document Filed Page of em7oti-3onal 142dist-4ress Addressi-4ng 134the issue 136punit-3ive 142dam7ages at 140sta6ge 140would 139ther-4efore pre-2m8atur-4e See Denton 19Mc-2K7ee 19Supp S.D.N3.Y fi4nding an4y5 disc-3uss3ion 86of 81da-5m8ages 92com7pensa-2tor-3y 84punit-3ive 82or 86other-4wi dism5iss-3 19sta-3ge And Jones hol-3ding 26that 29alt-4hough 29p5unit-3iv3e 30damages 29no5t 26avai-3lable 30ag4ains-3t 31gove4rnm11ent 32enti-4ti-3e4s 35m8oti-3on 29to dism5iss-3 punit-3ive da-3m8ages was pr-4em7a-5tur-3e Plai-2ntiff May R4ecover-3 Pun3it-3ive Dam-2ages i-3n th5is Case Even 34if 40mot-3ion 36to 41d5ism10iss-3 34punit-3ive 37da-5m8ages as an 40adeq3uate-3 34way 33to 36addr-2ess 37th3is 37iss-3ue Plai-3n5tif4f 21m8ay 20rec-3over-2 19puni3ti-3ve4 14dam7ages 22becaus-3e 15the U7SV3I has the str-4onges3t 21in3terest 18in 21whe6ther-4 19pun5itive3 19dam7ages are-3 19available in3 19thi-3s 15cas-2e And under-2 US3VI law,-5 Plai-3nt3iff4 can r-3ecover pun5it-3iv3e dam6ag-5es US3VI Law on Punit-2ive D4am7ages Gov-5ern-2s This Ca4se Feder-2al 7courts 4look 8to 3th3e 4choic-3e of law4 5rul-3es 3of 8th3e 4forum9 5sta-8te in 5d5eci-3d5in3g 5choic-3e of law4 dispu-2tes-3.5 Se4e 10Klaxon 10Co 7v 10Stentor 5Elec 12M3fg tor-3t 71law 75Ne6w 72York utilizes in3terest 68anal-3ys4is 69dete-3rm6ine 77which 75of 71two 69com7peti-4ng 74ju3ri-3sdict4ions has 38the 37gre-2a4te 38int-3e4rest 40having 39law4 40appli-4ed 39in 38the 37liti-2ga4ti-3on5 40The 40gre-2ater 39int-3e4res-3t 43is 37dete-3rm6ined by 155eval-3u5ati-4on 151the 152facts 156co4ntac-3ts 152whic4h 154rel-4a4te 155purpos-2e 151the 157par-2ticular-4 149law P6adula 35Lilarn Prop C-2orp N.Y i-3nt3ernal 35quotation m8ark-2s and 60alt-4e4rations 62o5m8it-3ted 61practica5l-6 Bab6cock Jac3k4son N.Y As 23explained 21below 25un5der-2 24th3e 25doc4trine 26of 21depe3c4age 26New3 24York 24law 20still 23g5over-2ns 19the under-2ly3ing claim5s and a-2s to c-3om8pensa-2tor-3y dam7ages Case Document Filed Page of octr-4ine 67of 61depeca-3ge the 107choice o5f 101law 105anal-3ys4is 107for 103puniti4ve 105dam7ages-7 107distinct 104from9 104the 107anal-3ysis-3 104for 103co4m3pensa-2tor-3y 13Supp S.D.N3.Y U5 nder-2 44New3 44York 44law for 43puni3ti-3ve4 44d5am7ages 47in 46par-2ticular a 40cour-2t 46m8ust 47c4onsi-2der 42the objec-3t 16or 21pu5rpos-2e of 16th3e 15wrongdoing 16to 21be 20pun5ished 18and 20g5ive 17con tr-3o5ll-3ing3 14weight 19th3e 20law 20of 16the jur-3isdic4ti-3on 54with 61the 62strongest-3 59inter3est-3 59in 61the 62re7solut-4ion 61of th3e Id i-3n5ter-4n5a4l 11quot ati-4on5 4m8ark-2s 10and 10a4lt-3e4rations 12o5m8it-3ted T9 he 10choic-3e of law 10inquir4y 9for 8puni3ti-3ve-5 Id I 10thi-3s 9ca3se 8th3e US3VI has a 9str-4onger-2 15in3ter-4es3t 8in 8th3e 9res-3olu3ti-3on 15of 13whether-3 10punit-3iv3e 9damages can 43be 44awar3ded 44in 43th3is 42c4ase than 47New3 45York Flor-2ida 45New3 45Me3xico 43F6rance In 48additi3on 45to 43flyin4g5 Plai-3nt3iff4 29to 31th3e 30US3VI 29and 30sexua-2lly 28a4ssaul-4ting 28he4r 26there 30Com5pl Epste i n5 29was 29dom8ici-4led in 86the US3VI Id see 87al3so Sch4ult-3z 85Boy 79Scouts-3 hol-3ding 6that 9alt-4hough 4New3 9York was 9the 12place 9of 6the 12wrong 9New3 9Jer-3sey 11law 10applied 10because the 27dec3ision 29of 29do5m8ici-4li-3aries 29acce-3p5t burde-2ns 34as 33well 32as Epstei-4n als-3o had a 34private 32island 35the US3VI where 28he ab4used 28coun4tl-3e4ss 28young fe7m8ale-3s 30incl-4u5ding 28Pla3intiff Co-2m8pl 30Def9endant-3s4 then chose-2 45to p5robate h5is 42Est3a4te in 48and 44und5er 42the 47law o5f 48the US3VI Id Ha6ving ava3il-3ed 49them5sel-3ves of all-4 114the 117be4nefits-2 114and 115p5rot-3ec3ti-3ons th3at US3VI proba-2te and 115e4sta-3te law 115ha4ve to Def4endant-3s-5 Mar-2y 110Doe Indy-2ke3 19et 17al cv PAE D5CF3 S.D.N3.Y 17Apr 21and4 Jane 21Doe 20Indyke,5 14et al cv PA-3E DCF3 657Apr 656those-3 654eas-2il6y dist-4ingu3ishable Nei4ther 59of 56the 57victi3m8s 60in 61those-3 54cas-2es3 59was 59in3jur-3ed4 59in 56the 52US3VI 59Her4e 60not3 59onl3y5 was 39Epstei-4n5 39dom8ici-4led 39the 42US3VI 39and 40his 42Est3a4te 42probated 39the 42US3VI 39but 41he 40flew7 Plai-3nt3iff4 the USVI and i-2njured her ther-2e on nu4m8ero-2us occ-2asi-3ons Com5pl Case Document Filed Page of cannot-3 29a4lso 27seek 29esca6pe 30its 29draw4backs New3 24York 29Flor-2id3a 30New3 29Mex3ico and Fra3nce 31have no concei-4vab4le int-3erest 1denying 117the US3VI fro-3m3 advanci-4ng hat choic-3e of law4 rul-3es dicta4te t-4he 4applic4ati-4on of3 US3VI law to t-4h5e is-3sue of pu6nit-3iv3e dam6a-5ges US3VI Law Would All-2ow f5o Puni-2ti-3ve Da-4m8ages a-3gainst Def4endant-3s US3VI law 15woul-4d 9all-4ow 7for an award 11of 6punit-3ive 12dam7ages in 11thi-3s 10cas-2e 9W4hen 10dete-3rm6ini-3ng how 52best-3 54to 51apply 57comm5on 54law courts 55in 51the US8VI apply 57wh7at 57is 52known 52as 56the Bank5s4 anal-3ys4is See V.I Corp Und-2er the Banks4 the 12Restate4m8ents-3 15cour-2ts 12shoul-2d 15con4side-3r 18thr-3ee 13n5on dispo-2s4iti4ve 14factors-3 o5 15dete-3rm6ine 12Virgi-3n 15Islan4ds comm5on law wheth4er 2any Vir-2gi3n Is-2lands-3 co4urt-3s have-2 p5reviousl-2y ado4pted particular-2 rule the 37posit i on 45take-3n 40by 39m8ajorit-3y 40of 43co4urt-3s 39from9 40other-4 40ju3ri-3sd4icti3ons;-2 40and 46m3ost 37im6port-3antl-4y 40which appr-2oach 81represe-2nt3s 84soundes Connor 84at i-3nt3ern-2a4l quotation m3ark-2s om8it-3ted Apply5ing the Bank5s anal-3ys4is 97Pla3int-3iff4 94can 96pu5rs-2ue 95pun5it-3iv3e 95dam7ages agai-3ns4t Defendants-2 a Banks Factor One W8heth er 2Any US3VI Courts-2 Have Adopted4 a Rule US3VI cour-2ts 12have 8no5t 8ad4opted 10rule 15as 8to3 10whethe3r 10plaint3iff4 10can 8purs-2u5e 9p5unit-3iv3e 9dam7ages agai-3ns4t 126the 122est-3a4te 125decea-3sed 121tortfeasor-2 posi-2ti-3on Attor-3ney 50General-4 49of 46the 52United 52Stat-3e4s 50Virgi-3n 49Is-2lands 48filed 51suit-4 49agai-3nst 49Es tat-4e 50on 49Janua-2ry 124seeking 129other-4 124th3ings 122punit-3ive 127d5am7ages GV3I 125Estat-3e4 126Jeffre-2y Epstei-4n No.7 ST CV V.I Sup Ct Ja-2n Dkt No Case Document Filed Page of incl-4uded 14on5ly3 15in 13comm10e-5nt ary 15and 14n5ot 13the 17text-4 15the 12Restate4m8ent 12it-3sel-3f 15Restat-4 Second 15of 18Torts-3 64cm7t econd in 66both 66of 61th3e 65cas-2es3 64that 64Def4endants 64cite 65the 62issue 64before he 65cour-2t 61was whether-3 un5it-3iv3e 19dam7ages 20av4ailab4le 17in 18wrongf8ul 18deat 25acti4ons 19and 19ther5efore 19wheth4er 17an can 3rec-3ov5er 7punit-3iv3e 4da4m8ages not whether-3 5pun5it-3iv3e 4dam7ag-5es 3are-3 5av4ai lable against a4n 5est-3ate Se4e e.g Ham4il-3to3n 9Dow4son 9Holding 8Co D.V4.I Booth 9v 9Bow3en 10No 99at D.V.I 99Jan Def4endant-3s 100have 101not 101cited 100single US3VI sition3 30on 30that specif3ic iss-3ue 33addr-2essin5g5 that-4 5iss-3ue a3t 3all Given 4th3e la-3ck of a6ny rul-3e in t-3h5e Vir-2gins Islands thi-3s B6anks factor is neutr-2a4l Banks Factor Tw3o The Posi-3ti-3on Tak5en by a Ma-3jo3ri-3ty of C3ourt-3s fro-3m8 Other-2 Jur-2isdictions As 31to 28the 27second Banks fac-3tor-3 Def4en4dants-3 30over-2s4tate 29the 27num8ber-2 30of 33jur-3isdic4ti-3ons 29th3at 27do u-4m8ero-2us cour-2ts hav4e4 held t-4h5at p5lainti-3ff6s m7ay r-2ecover-4 pun5itive da-2m8ages a-3gainst t-2h5e 4est-3a4te of a d4ecea-3sed3 tortfeasor-2 S5ee e.g Haralson 14Fisher 21Surve-2ying 17Inc Ar3iz disa-3pproval 79of 81outr-3ageo3us 85conduct-3 79by 84ren-2derin5g 84such 86an 85a4ward 85agai-3ns4t 86the 82est-3a4te 82of 85decea-3se3d5 m8ark-2s m8it-3ted Til-2lett3 130L6ip3pert Mont.-4 Pe5rry 29Me-2lton W7 25Va Thos5e4 25courts 24hav4e 29rea-3soned3 25that 25puni3ti-3ve4 dam7ages 74not 76only 76se3rve-2 74to 76puni s4h wrongdoer 74but a4lso to m8oti-3vate-3 74other-4s 75no5t 74engage sim5il-3ar 27ac3ti-3o5n 24in 21the 27futu6re Kaopu7iki 24Kealoh4a Ha4w 22Ct 24App In See 156also e.4g Ellis 149Zuck 154Cir puniti-2v5e 155dam7ages Estat-3e 76Farrel-3l 71ex 76re3l 71Bennett-4 69Gordon Hofe4r Lavender Te Case Document Filed Page of thi-3s 49cas-2e ge4ner-2al deter4rence 50is 47of 53the 42utm6ost nc4e Eps5tei-4n 50spent-3 50de4cades-3 50abusi-3n5g countl-4ess young 79women 80and 80girls,3 79int-3im6idat-4in3g 79them5 79int-3o 79sil-4en4ce 81and4 79gam7ing 81the 82justice-3 79sys3tem10 84with 81his wealt-3h 49and 50power 54av4oid 56puni3shment No 52person 53shoul-2d5 49be 55able 54such 54while 52at the s-3am7e ti-4m3e consi-4de4ri-3n5g him6sel-3f to be a-3bove the law Furt-2her-2 69in 74cas-2e 75th3at 77D7efendants 77cite see th3at punit-3iv3e 9dam7ages m8igh-6t be 9avai-3labl5e 9where 8as 8her-2e 9the 7dec3eas-2ed tortfea5sor-2 10take-3s 9hi3s4 10own 12li-3fe an 39esca-3pe 40punit-3ive 37dam7ages Crabtree-3 40Rel 39Estat-3e 39of 38Crabtree I-3nd 29ever-3 30encount-3e4r 29cas-2e 29where 29tortfeas4or 28seem5s 29to 23have 28consi-3d5ere-3d 30his 27own7 deat-3h 54as 56an 50esca-3pe 55from4 54punit-3ive 57da4m8ages 57inci-4dent 57to 56som7e 60int-3en4ti-3ona4l 54we 53can 56addr-2ess 57th3at Again Epstei5n spent-3 144his avoidin5g propor-3tion6ate-3 144puni shm ent 147for countl-4e4ss 281crim8es nd 284once 280was 279finall-3y 279im6pri-3soned 281pe4nding 281trial-3 274for 278his 282sex tr-3aff5icki-4ng5 oper-2ation 70signe-3d 69his 67will-3 69and th3en alm5ost 72imm4edia-3tel-4y 64cause-3d 69his 72o5wn See Given th-6e 59unique-2 60facts 58sur-2roundi-3n5g c4ri-3m8es 58and 59de-5ath and 59the 57im6port-3anc3e4 of 76gener-3al 77d5ete-3rrence,3 th3e 80second Banks factor weighs 81he4avil5y 79in 81favor 76all-4owing 79f8or 81puni3ti-3ve4 dam7ages un-7der-2 these f3ac3ts Banks Factor Three The5 Soundest-2 Rule for the-2 U7SV3I Although no5ne 14of 18the 12three 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23Super.3 Aug pri-3m8ary-2 144purpos-2e 145behind 142punit-3iv3e m8ages to 146furth4er 147deter th6e-5 tor-3tfeaso3r and 20other-4s 20lik6e 20him6 24sim5il-3a 21cond4uct 22in 21th3e 20future All3owing 19punit-3iv3e 20dam7ages-7 in 91th3is 92c4ase 87would 89be 90co4nsis-3tent 89wi5th3 view punit-3iv3e 90d5am7ages wou-2ld 91deter o5th3er 92predato4rs fro-3m8 29m8anip-7ulating 26the 27ju3sti-4c4e 25syst-3e4m3 24and 25sil-4enc3ing 26victim6s 30of 21sexua-2l 26abuse-2 24to 26avoid 22punis-2hm8ent The 44absenc-3e of 46any USVI agai-3ns4t 13est-3a4tes 16couple-3d 15with transco3nti-3nen4tal sex tr-3aff5icki-4n5g5 ente-3rprise s4uggest-3 19th3at 17a4ll-3owing 19for 13punit-3iv3e 20da4m8ages 22in 21this 19cas-2e 20woul5d 19be the 17sou4ndest-3 19rule the USVI CONC4L-2USIO-4N For 54the 57foreg5oing 53reasons4 55the 57Court 58s4hould deny Moti-4on5 55to Co-2m8plai-4nt Because 77Def4endant-3s 75se3ek To 23the 27exte-3n5t 26neces-3sa3ry United 27State5s 25cour-2ts 27m8ay 25cer-3ti-3fy 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